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A World Without Police

A World Without Police

How Strong Communities Make Cops Obsolete
by Geo Maher 2021 288 pages
3.98
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Key Takeaways

1. Policing perpetuates systemic racism and inequality

"Police murder is a symptom of a much-deeper sickness."

Roots in slavery. Modern policing in America has its origins in slave patrols and the enforcement of racial segregation. This legacy continues today through disproportionate violence against communities of color and the poor. Police killings of Black Americans occur at 3 times the rate of white Americans, with even wider disparities in some cities.

Upholding the status quo. Rather than preventing crime or protecting communities, policing primarily serves to maintain existing power structures and economic inequality. Police enforce property laws, manage the poor, and suppress dissent - perpetuating a system that benefits the wealthy and white at the expense of marginalized groups.

Key functions of policing:

  • Protecting private property
  • Controlling "dangerous" populations
  • Disciplining the workforce
  • Enforcing racial segregation

2. Police reform efforts have repeatedly failed to address root issues

"Police reform is always a 'failure,' but the answer is always more reform."

History of failed reforms. For over a century, commissions and reform efforts have attempted to address police violence and corruption. Yet these have consistently failed to produce meaningful change, instead often expanding and legitimizing police power. From the 1894 Lexow Committee to Obama-era reform commissions, recommendations focus on superficial changes rather than addressing systemic issues.

Reform as window dressing. Popular reform proposals like body cameras, implicit bias training, and community policing have proven ineffective at reducing police violence or addressing root causes. These efforts often serve as public relations moves that allow police to appear responsive while maintaining the status quo. More fundamental changes are needed to truly transform policing and public safety.

Common ineffective reforms:

  • Body cameras
  • Diversity hiring
  • Implicit bias training
  • Community policing
  • Civilian review boards

3. The "pig majority" extends beyond police to broader societal structures

"To challenge the police is to challenge the American people, and the problem with the police is not that they are fascist pigs but that we are majoritarian pigs."

Societal complicity. The problem of policing goes far beyond individual officers to encompass a broader "pig majority" that upholds systemic racism and inequality. This includes judges, juries, politicians, media, and everyday citizens who rationalize and enable police violence against marginalized groups.

Internalized oppression. Even some people of color in positions of power perpetuate the system, having internalized its logic. Black police officers and politicians have often supported or enacted harsh policies targeting their own communities. This demonstrates how deeply entrenched the ideology of policing is throughout society.

Components of the "pig majority":

  • Politicians passing "tough on crime" laws
  • Judges and juries failing to hold police accountable
  • Media portraying victims of police violence as criminals
  • Citizens calling police on people of color for existing in public spaces

4. Police unions are a major obstacle to accountability and change

"Police associations aren't like other unions; in reality, they aren't unions at all."

Protecting impunity. Police unions, more accurately described as associations, have become extremely powerful in shielding officers from accountability. They negotiate contracts that make it nearly impossible to fire or discipline officers, even for severe misconduct. These associations lobby aggressively against reforms and civilian oversight.

Political influence. Police unions wield significant political power, often intimidating elected officials who attempt to enact reforms. They have pushed for special legal protections like Law Enforcement Officers' Bills of Rights in many states. Breaking the power of police unions is crucial for any meaningful change to occur in policing.

How police unions obstruct accountability:

  • Negotiating contracts that limit investigations of misconduct
  • Lobbying against civilian oversight
  • Intimidating politicians who propose reforms
  • Defending and reinstating officers fired for brutality

5. Alternatives to policing already exist in many communities

"A world without police would be a world without poverty and hunger, in which everyone would have enough, and no one would need to look over their shoulder."

Community-based solutions. Many communities, especially those most impacted by over-policing, have developed alternatives for addressing conflicts and crises without relying on armed officers. These range from violence interruption programs to mental health crisis response teams to restorative justice practices.

Proven effectiveness. Programs like CAHOOTS in Eugene, Oregon have demonstrated that trained civilian responders can successfully handle many situations typically addressed by police, at a fraction of the cost. Other initiatives focus on addressing root causes of harm through community investment and support services.

Examples of policing alternatives:

  • Crisis response teams for mental health emergencies
  • Violence interruption programs in high-crime areas
  • Restorative justice circles to address conflicts
  • Community mediation services
  • Mutual aid networks providing material support

6. Global examples show possibilities for community-led safety

"Abolition democracy points not only to the failures of Reconstruction, however, but to its radically transformative potential as well."

International models. Communities around the world have developed alternatives to state policing, often in response to repression or government neglect. From the Zapatistas in Mexico to township committees in apartheid South Africa, these examples demonstrate the potential for collective self-governance and safety.

Lessons for the US. While contexts differ, these international experiences offer valuable insights for reimagining public safety in America. They show how communities can come together to address conflicts, meet basic needs, and protect themselves without relying on a repressive state apparatus.

Key lessons from global examples:

  • Community participation in decision-making
  • Focus on prevention and root causes
  • Integration of safety with other community needs
  • Emphasis on restorative rather than punitive approaches

7. Abolition requires reimagining safety and justice from the ground up

"Abolition is about laying a new foundation under, around, and in the cracks of the old world until the old foundation is no more."

Beyond reform. Police abolition is not about tweaking the current system, but fundamentally rethinking how we approach safety, harm, and justice in society. This requires addressing root causes of crime and violence like poverty, lack of opportunity, and unmet mental health needs.

Building alternatives. Abolition is a constructive project focused on creating new institutions and ways of relating that make police unnecessary. This includes developing robust social services, community-based conflict resolution, and transformative justice practices that address harm without relying on punishment and cages.

Key components of abolition:

  • Investing in education, housing, healthcare, and economic opportunity
  • Creating non-punitive responses to harm and conflict
  • Developing community-based crisis response systems
  • Fostering strong social bonds and mutual aid networks

8. Immigration enforcement and border policing are extensions of systemic oppression

"The border doesn't solve any problems; it is the problem to be solved, and the solution is abolition."

Criminalizing migration. Like domestic policing, immigration enforcement and border control serve to maintain racial and economic hierarchies. Policies like Operation Gatekeeper have led to thousands of migrant deaths while doing little to address root causes of migration.

Abolishing ICE and borders. True justice for immigrants requires not just reforming ICE or border policies, but reimagining migration and citizenship entirely. This means addressing global inequalities that drive migration and rejecting the notion that national borders should determine human worth and rights.

Harms of current immigration enforcement:

  • Thousands of deaths in border deserts
  • Family separations
  • Mass incarceration in detention centers
  • Creation of vulnerable underclass of undocumented workers

9. Building strong communities is key to making police obsolete

"The best antidote to the police, and to the violence that they don't prevent—because it justifies their existence—is community."

Community empowerment. The most effective way to reduce reliance on police is to build strong, resilient communities capable of meeting their own needs and addressing conflicts. This requires investing in social infrastructure, fostering connections between neighbors, and developing collective problem-solving skills.

Practical steps. Making police obsolete starts with small actions like checking on neighbors, organizing mutual aid networks, and learning de-escalation techniques. As communities become more connected and empowered, they naturally become less reliant on outside intervention to maintain safety and resolve conflicts.

Ways to build community alternatives to policing:

  • Establish neighborhood watch groups focused on de-escalation
  • Create local rapid response networks for emergencies
  • Develop community mediation programs
  • Organize mutual aid to meet basic needs
  • Host regular community gatherings and forums

Last updated:

FAQ

What is A World Without Police: How Strong Communities Make Cops Obsolete by Geo Maher about?

  • Central argument: The book contends that policing in the U.S. is fundamentally oppressive, rooted in white supremacy, colonialism, and capitalism, and that police abolition is both necessary and possible.
  • Historical context: Maher traces the origins of policing from slave patrols and colonial forces to modern law enforcement, showing how these systems uphold racial and economic hierarchies.
  • Abolition and reconstruction: The book emphasizes that abolition is not just about eliminating police but about building strong, self-sufficient, and egalitarian communities that can ensure safety without police.

Why should I read A World Without Police by Geo Maher?

  • Timely and urgent analysis: The book connects recent uprisings, like those after George Floyd’s murder, to a long history of abolitionist struggle and contemporary movements for radical change.
  • Comprehensive critique: Maher dismantles common defenses of policing, exposing the flaws and myths that sustain the institution.
  • Vision for the future: The book offers a hopeful, historically grounded vision for a society without police, encouraging readers to imagine and build alternatives.

What are the key takeaways from A World Without Police by Geo Maher?

  • Policing as a protection racket: Police primarily protect the interests of the wealthy and white, often extorting and failing communities of color.
  • Abolition is not reform: True abolition means dismantling the entire carceral system and building new, community-based institutions that address the root causes of violence.
  • Community as the solution: Strong, organized communities practicing self-defense, restorative justice, and mutual aid can replace the need for police and create liberated spaces.

How does Geo Maher define police abolition in A World Without Police and why is it important?

  • Abolition defined: Abolition is the complete dismantling of policing and carceral institutions, not just reform or budget cuts.
  • Necessity of abolition: Maher argues that policing is inseparable from capitalism, white supremacy, and patriarchy, making abolition essential for true social equality and safety.
  • Abolition as a process: It is a long-term, collective project requiring both immediate action and patient, sustained community building.

How does A World Without Police explain who the police serve and protect?

  • Selective protection: Police primarily serve the interests of the wealthiest and whitest segments of society, protecting property and maintaining hierarchies.
  • Racial disparities: Black, Latinx, Indigenous, LGBTQ+, homeless, and mentally ill populations are disproportionately targeted and harmed by police.
  • Myth of protection: The book debunks the idea that police prevent crime or protect the public, citing studies and legal rulings that show otherwise.

What is the "pig majority" in A World Without Police and why is it significant?

  • Definition: The "pig majority" refers to the broad coalition—including courts, media, politicians, and complicit citizens—that upholds policing beyond just police officers.
  • Historical roots: This majority has been historically intertwined with white supremacy, with poor whites often complicit in policing Black communities.
  • Contemporary implications: The pig majority sustains police violence and impunity through social, political, and institutional support.

What is the "mirage of reform" according to Geo Maher in A World Without Police?

  • Reform as legitimization: Police reform efforts often serve to legitimize and strengthen policing rather than reduce violence or impunity.
  • Repeated failures: Initiatives like body cameras, demilitarization, and diversification have consistently failed to prevent brutality or systemic racism.
  • Reform vs. abolition: Maher distinguishes between reforms that tweak the system and those that weaken it, emphasizing that abolition requires moving beyond reform.

How does A World Without Police address the role of police unions in maintaining police power?

  • Not true unions: Police associations function as "fraternal orders" that protect police impunity and resist accountability, rather than traditional labor unions.
  • Historical betrayal: Police unions have acted as strikebreakers and enforcers of white supremacy, betraying broader working-class solidarity.
  • Breaking police power: Abolishing police requires dismantling police unions’ power, including repealing special legal protections and disaffiliating them from labor federations.

What examples of community alternatives to policing does Geo Maher discuss in A World Without Police?

  • Grassroots safety networks: The book highlights organizations like the Oakland Assembly and Minneapolis’s self-managed security collectives that provide community patrols and conflict mediation.
  • Restorative justice models: Groups such as Communities against Rape and Abuse (CARA) and Restorative Response Baltimore offer transformative justice alternatives.
  • Global examples: Maher discusses the Zapatistas in Mexico, Indigenous community policing, and self-defense militias in Venezuela as models for reclaiming safety and justice.

What is "abolition democracy" in A World Without Police and how does it relate to police abolition?

  • Concept origin: Coined by W.E.B. Du Bois, abolition democracy is the dual process of abolishing oppressive institutions and building new democratic ones.
  • Beyond abolition: It emphasizes reconstructing society to address inequalities that sustain oppression, not just tearing down existing systems.
  • Participatory democracy: Maher frames police abolition as inseparable from broader struggles for participatory, community-controlled democracy.

How does A World Without Police connect policing to global imperialism, colonialism, and border enforcement?

  • Historical ties: Policing’s origins are traced to colonial conquest, slave patrols, and settler colonialism, linking domestic and imperial policing.
  • Global policing: U.S. policing methods are exported worldwide, and private security blurs lines between domestic and international policing.
  • Border abolition: The book situates ICE and border enforcement as extensions of the carceral state, calling for the abolition of borders and highlighting migrant-led resistance.

What are the best quotes from A World Without Police by Geo Maher and what do they mean?

  • “Abolition is about presence, not absence.” — Ruth Wilson Gilmore, meaning abolition is about building life-affirming institutions, not just eliminating oppressive ones.
  • “We are not abandoning our communities to violence. We don’t want to just close police departments. We want to make them obsolete.” — Mariame Kaba, emphasizing the creation of alternatives that render police unnecessary.
  • “To challenge the police is to challenge the American people.” — Ta-Nehisi Coates, highlighting the deep societal entanglement of policing.
  • “The police cannot be reformed—more than a century of experience proves this beyond a reasonable doubt.” — Maher, concluding that reform has failed and abolition is the only viable path forward.

Review Summary

3.98 out of 5
Average of 100+ ratings from Goodreads and Amazon.

A World Without Police receives mixed reviews, with many praising its well-researched arguments for police abolition and exploration of alternative community-based safety models. Readers appreciate the historical context and critique of current policing practices. Some find the book dense and academic, while others note it lacks concrete solutions for serious crime. Critics argue the anticapitalist conclusion may limit its appeal to a broader audience. Overall, reviewers see it as a thought-provoking contribution to the discourse on police reform and abolition.

Your rating:
4.12
41 ratings

About the Author

George Ciccariello-Maher is a former professor at Drexel University known for his controversial tweets and political activism. His academic work focuses on radical politics, social movements, and race theory. Ciccariello-Maher gained notoriety for a sarcastic tweet about "white genocide" that was misinterpreted by right-wing groups, leading to his resignation from Drexel. He has also received death threats for comments on social media. As an author, Ciccariello-Maher writes on topics such as police abolition, capitalism, and white supremacy, often taking a leftist perspective in his analysis of social and political issues.

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