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Christianity After Religion

Christianity After Religion

The End of Church and the Birth of a New Spiritual Awakening
by Diana Butler Bass 2012 304 pages
4.07
1k+ ratings
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Key Takeaways

1. The Old Religious World is Crumbling

"The most basic contours of American culture have been radically altered.... Clearly, there is a new narrative, a post-Christian narrative, that is animating large portions of this society."

Religious Landscape in Transition. The traditional religious structures that defined American society for generations are rapidly disintegrating. Established denominational churches are experiencing unprecedented decline, with membership numbers dropping and institutional relevance waning.

Key Indicators of Change:

  • 45% of Americans have left their family faith
  • Christian membership has dropped from 86% to 76% since 1990
  • The number of "unaffiliated" has nearly doubled
  • Young adults are increasingly rejecting traditional religious labels

Institutional Failure. Churches are struggling to adapt to contemporary cultural dynamics, often remaining rigid and disconnected from people's lived experiences. The business model of religion that worked for decades is now obsolete, creating widespread institutional anxiety and uncertainty.

2. Spirituality is Replacing Traditional Religious Structures

"Spirituality is neither vague nor meaningless. Despite a certain linguistic fuzziness, the word 'spiritual' is both a critique of institutional religion and a longing for meaningful connection."

Redefinition of Spiritual Engagement. People are moving away from organized religion towards more personalized, experiential forms of spiritual connection. This shift represents not a rejection of faith, but a deep desire for more authentic, meaningful spiritual experiences.

Emerging Spiritual Characteristics:

  • Emphasis on personal experience over institutional doctrine
  • Openness to multiple faith traditions
  • Prioritizing direct spiritual connection
  • Rejection of rigid theological boundaries

Multifaith Exploration. Individuals are increasingly comfortable exploring spiritual practices across different traditions, creating hybrid spiritual identities that transcend traditional religious categories.

3. People Are Seeking Authentic Spiritual Experiences

"To say one is 'spiritual but not religious' is often a way of saying, 'I am dissatisfied with the way things are, and I want to find a new way of connecting with God, my neighbor, and my own life.'"

Quest for Genuine Connection. Modern spiritual seekers are looking beyond institutional frameworks to find meaningful connections with the divine, themselves, and their communities. This search is characterized by a hunger for authentic, transformative experiences.

Characteristics of Authentic Spirituality:

  • Prioritizes personal transformation
  • Values direct experience over prescribed beliefs
  • Seeks holistic understanding of self and cosmos
  • Emphasizes compassion and interconnectedness

Community and Individual Journey. While deeply personal, this spiritual quest is not entirely individualistic but seeks community and shared understanding across diverse perspectives.

4. Belief is Evolving from Doctrine to Personal Experience

"Believing is not religiously important. A great modern heresy of the Church is the heresy of believing as such."

Transformation of Religious Understanding. Traditional doctrinal beliefs are being replaced by experiential, relational approaches to faith. Instead of intellectual assent to specific theological propositions, people seek direct encounters with the divine.

Evolving Belief Characteristics:

  • Shift from "believing about" to "believing through"
  • Emphasis on trust and relationship
  • Openness to mystery and uncertainty
  • Prioritizing lived experience over theological precision

Rediscovering Ancient Approaches. This evolution actually represents a return to earlier, more dynamic understandings of faith that emphasize personal transformation over intellectual agreement.

5. Religious Practice is Shifting from Obligation to Intentional Engagement

"Practices are not programs. Practices are fluid faith, a spiritual path, and a way of life."

Purposeful Spiritual Practices. Religious engagement is moving from habitual, inherited practices to deliberate, chosen spiritual disciplines that connect individuals more deeply with their inner lives and communities.

Key Practice Transformations:

  • Intentional selection of spiritual disciplines
  • Focus on practices that foster personal growth
  • Emphasis on community and shared experience
  • Blending practices from multiple traditions

Learning as Spiritual Journey. Spiritual practices are seen as ongoing learning processes that require commitment, curiosity, and openness to transformation.

6. Identity is Now Defined by Journeying, Not Belonging

"Who am I in God?" is the central spiritual question of our time.

Dynamic Spiritual Identity. Personal identity is no longer static or inherited but understood as a continuous journey of discovery, exploration, and transformation. Belonging is redefined as an active process of becoming.

Identity Characteristics:

  • Fluid and adaptable
  • Shaped by experiences and relationships
  • Transcends traditional boundaries
  • Emphasizes personal agency

Spiritual Nomadism. People are increasingly comfortable moving between spiritual traditions, creating hybrid identities that reflect their complex inner lives.

7. The Spiritual Awakening is Global and Interfaith

"This may be the Great Global Awakening, the first of its kind."

Worldwide Spiritual Transformation. The current spiritual shift is not limited to any single tradition but represents a global movement towards more inclusive, compassionate, and interconnected forms of spiritual understanding.

Global Awakening Characteristics:

  • Transcends religious boundaries
  • Emphasizes shared human experience
  • Promotes mutual understanding
  • Focuses on practical spirituality

Emerging Spiritual Network. Different faith traditions are simultaneously experiencing renewal, creating a complex, interconnected web of spiritual transformation.

8. Fear and Backlash are Part of Spiritual Transformation

"Awakenings can be slowed—or potentially stopped—if people fail to understand the times in which they live and respond with fear instead of hope."

Resistance as Inevitable. Spiritual awakenings are always accompanied by conservative reactions seeking to preserve old structures and resist change. This backlash is a natural part of transformative processes.

Backlash Characteristics:

  • Driven by anxiety about cultural change
  • Attempts to restore perceived past stability
  • Often generates internal religious conflicts
  • Reveals deeper spiritual tensions

Compassionate Response. The key is to understand and respond to fear with empathy, wisdom, and continued commitment to transformation.

9. Performing Awakening Requires Active Participation

"You have to perform its wisdom, live into its hope, and 'act as if' the awakening is fully realized."

Spirituality as Active Practice. Spiritual awakening is not a passive experience but requires deliberate, embodied participation in creating new forms of community and understanding.

Performative Spiritual Actions:

  • Prepare by learning spiritual narratives
  • Engage intentional spiritual practices
  • Cultivate playfulness and joy
  • Participate in transformative communities

Embodied Spirituality. True spiritual awakening happens through lived experiences that challenge and expand existing paradigms.

10. The Future of Faith is About Connection and Compassion

"Awakening is not a miracle we receive; it is actually something we can do."

Compassionate Spiritual Vision. The emerging spiritual landscape prioritizes connection, mutual understanding, and shared commitment to human flourishing over doctrinal differences.

Compassion-Centered Spirituality:

  • Transcends religious boundaries
  • Prioritizes practical love
  • Promotes global human dignity
  • Embraces diversity and complexity

Collective Spiritual Imagination. The future of faith lies in our collective ability to imagine and enact more inclusive, healing forms of spiritual community.

Last updated:

Review Summary

4.07 out of 5
Average of 1k+ ratings from Goodreads and Amazon.

Christianity After Religion receives mostly positive reviews, with readers praising Bass's analysis of religious trends and cultural shifts. Many find the book insightful, hopeful, and relevant to understanding contemporary spirituality. Readers appreciate Bass's exploration of the "spiritual but not religious" phenomenon and her vision for a renewed Christianity. Some criticize the political aspects of the book's latter sections. Overall, reviewers find the book thought-provoking and valuable for those interested in the future of faith and religious institutions.

About the Author

Diana Butler Bass is an accomplished author, speaker, and scholar specializing in American religion and culture. She holds a PhD from Duke University and has written several bestselling books on Christianity and spirituality. Bass is known for her work on religious trends and church vitality, frequently commenting on these topics in major media outlets. She has taught at various institutions and led research projects on Protestant vitality. Bass is active in religious organizations, blogs on faith and politics, and is a member of the Episcopal Church. Her expertise in American religious history and contemporary spirituality has established her as a respected voice in discussions about the evolving nature of faith and religious practice.

Other books by Diana Butler Bass

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