The Speech

1. The Middle Class is Collapsing While the Rich Get Richer

"The middle class is collapsing, poverty is increasing. I have four kids and six grandchildren. I am not worried about me, but I am worried about what happens to my kids and my grandchildren."

Widening inequality gap. The United States is experiencing an alarming trend of income and wealth concentration at the top, while the middle class struggles to maintain its standard of living.

• Top 1% owns more wealth than bottom 90%
• CEO-to-worker pay ratio has increased from 20:1 in 1965 to over 300:1 today
• Median family income declined by $2,200 during Bush years

Middle class squeeze. Families are facing stagnant wages, rising costs for healthcare, education, and housing, and diminishing job security. Many are working longer hours or multiple jobs just to stay afloat. This erosion of the middle class threatens the foundation of American prosperity and democracy.

2. Tax Breaks for the Wealthy Will Increase Debt and Inequality

"Do we really need to give tax breaks to the rich in order to drive up the national debt so our kids and grandchildren will pay higher taxes in order to pay off that national debt caused by tax breaks for the rich?"

Trickle-down economics debunked. Tax cuts for the wealthy have repeatedly failed to stimulate broad economic growth or job creation. Instead, they primarily benefit those at the top while adding to the national debt.

• Bush-era tax cuts cost $2.5 trillion over 10 years
• 2017 tax cuts projected to add $1.9 trillion to deficit over 10 years
• Majority of benefits go to top 1% of earners

Progressive taxation needed. A fair tax system should ask more from those who have benefited most from the economy. Raising taxes on the wealthy and corporations can help fund critical investments in infrastructure, education, and social programs that benefit all Americans.

3. Wall Street's Greed and Recklessness Caused Economic Crisis

"What we saw is people on Wall Street operating from a business model based on fraud, based on dishonesty, understanding that the likelihood of them ever getting caught was small, that if things got very bad, they would be bailed out by the taxpayers, understanding that they are too powerful to ever be put in jail, to be indicted."

Deregulation disaster. The repeal of Glass-Steagall and other financial regulations allowed banks to engage in increasingly risky and fraudulent behavior, culminating in the 2008 financial crisis.

• Subprime mortgage crisis
• Collapse of Lehman Brothers
• $700 billion taxpayer bailout of Wall Street

Lack of accountability. Despite causing immense economic damage, few Wall Street executives faced prosecution. Many financial institutions are now larger and more powerful than before the crisis, perpetuating the "too big to fail" problem.

4. Infrastructure Investment is Crucial for Job Creation and Economic Growth

"If we are serious about creating the kinds of jobs this economy desperately needs and if we want to do that as rapidly and as cost-effectively as we possibly can, the way to do that is not to provide business tax cuts because right now—right now—corporate America is sitting on close to $2 trillion cash on hand."

Crumbling infrastructure. America's roads, bridges, water systems, and electrical grid are in dire need of repair and modernization. The American Society of Civil Engineers estimates $4.5 trillion in infrastructure investment is needed by 2025.

Job creation potential. Infrastructure projects create immediate jobs in construction and related industries, while also laying the foundation for long-term economic growth and competitiveness.

• Every $1 billion in infrastructure investment creates 13,000 jobs
• Improved infrastructure boosts productivity and reduces costs for businesses
• Investment in clean energy infrastructure can address climate change while creating new industries

5. The Estate Tax Should Not Be Weakened or Eliminated

"Permanently repealing the estate tax would allow Mr. Wexner's two children to inherit all of his wealth without paying a nickel to help this country deal with the enormous problems we have."

Preserving fairness. The estate tax affects only the wealthiest 0.2% of Americans, helping to prevent the formation of an entrenched aristocracy and ensuring that the ultra-rich pay their fair share.

Revenue generation. The estate tax is projected to raise $275 billion over 10 years, funds that are crucial for addressing national priorities and reducing the deficit.

Encouraging philanthropy. The estate tax incentivizes charitable giving, as donations are tax-deductible. Weakening or eliminating the tax could reduce charitable contributions by billions of dollars annually.

6. Social Security is Under Threat from Payroll Tax Cuts

"Diverting $120 billion in Social Security contributions for a so-called 'tax holiday' may sound like a good deal for workers now, but it is bad business for a program that a majority of middle-class seniors will rely upon in the future."

Long-term solvency at risk. Cutting payroll taxes, even temporarily, undermines the dedicated funding stream that has made Social Security stable and self-sustaining for decades.

Trojan horse for privatization. Some proponents of payroll tax cuts see them as a first step toward dismantling Social Security and replacing it with private accounts.

Alternatives available. There are better ways to provide economic stimulus and support workers, such as direct payments or expanding the Earned Income Tax Credit, that don't jeopardize Social Security's future.

7. Corporate Influence in Politics Undermines Democracy

"In 2009 companies spent $3.47 billion in lobbying. We have 100 Members of the Senate, 435 Members of the House. Listeners or viewers can get out their calculating machine and divide it up, how much money the big money interests are spending trying to influence Senator Inouye or myself or the other 98 Members of the Senate or 435 Members of the House."

Lobbying impact. Corporations and special interests spend billions annually to shape legislation and regulations in their favor, often at the expense of the public interest.

• $3.47 billion spent on lobbying in 2009 alone
• 13,694 registered lobbyists in Washington D.C.
• Corporate lobbying often yields high returns on investment through tax breaks, subsidies, and favorable regulations

Campaign finance issues. The Citizens United decision has allowed unlimited corporate spending in elections, further tilting the political playing field toward moneyed interests.

8. Trade Policies Have Decimated American Manufacturing

"I know in Vermont—I don't have any statistics right in front of me but I can tell you—I believe very strongly—it takes longer to get from the southern part of the state to the northern part of the state than it used to, and the frequency of the trips is less than they used to be."

Job losses. Free trade agreements like NAFTA have facilitated the offshoring of millions of American manufacturing jobs to countries with lower wages and weaker labor and environmental standards.

• 5 million manufacturing jobs lost between 2000 and 2014
• 50,000 factories closed since 2001
• $796 billion trade deficit in 2017

Wage suppression. The threat of offshoring has been used to suppress wages and weaken unions, contributing to income stagnation for working-class Americans.

Need for reform. Future trade agreements should prioritize workers' rights, environmental protections, and maintaining a strong domestic manufacturing base.

9. The Health Care System Needs Reform to Cover All Americans

"According to Harvard University, 45,000 Americans will die this year because they lack health insurance and are not getting to a doctor when they should."

Uninsured crisis. Despite the passage of the Affordable Care Act, millions of Americans remain uninsured or underinsured, leading to worse health outcomes and financial insecurity.

• 27.5 million uninsured Americans in 2018
• Medical bills are the leading cause of personal bankruptcy
• U.S. spends twice as much on healthcare per capita as other developed nations with worse outcomes

Medicare for All. A single-payer healthcare system could provide universal coverage, reduce administrative costs, and allow for better negotiation of drug prices.

10. Education is Key to Economic Mobility and Competitiveness

"Let me give you some examples of what this means in real terms. Today, unemployment in our country—the official unemployment rate is 9.8 percent. For those without a high school diploma, it is 15.6 percent, compared to 5.6 percent for college graduates."

Rising costs. The cost of higher education has skyrocketed, putting college out of reach for many and saddling graduates with crushing debt.

• Average student loan debt is over $30,000
• Total student loan debt exceeds $1.6 trillion
• College costs have increased 8x faster than wages since 1980

Global competition. The U.S. is falling behind other nations in educational attainment, threatening future economic competitiveness.

• U.S. ranks 13th in the world for percentage of 25-34 year-olds with college degrees
• China and India are producing more STEM graduates than the U.S.

Investment needed. Increased funding for public education, from early childhood through college, is crucial for creating equal opportunity and a skilled workforce for the 21st century economy.

Last updated: May 5, 2025