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In My Own Way

In My Own Way

An Autobiography
作者 Alan W. Watts 1972 384 页数
4.18
1k+ 评分
9 分钟

重点摘要

1. 拥抱自我的悖论:既是神秘主义者又是感官享乐主义者

我是一个无耻的自我主义者。我喜欢谈话、娱乐和成为舞台的中心,并且可以自豪地说,我通过写广受阅读的书籍、在广播和电视上露面以及在庞大的观众面前演讲,已经在很大程度上实现了这一点。另一方面,我清楚地意识到,名为艾伦·瓦茨的自我是一个幻觉,是一个社会机构,是由词语和符号构成的,没有丝毫实质性的现实。

瓦茨体现了矛盾。 他既拥抱精神世界又享受感官世界,认识到自我的虚幻本质,同时仍然全身心地投入生活。这种矛盾的方法使他能够在不放弃世俗享乐的情况下探索神秘主义的深度。

  • 瓦茨哲学的关键方面:
    • 拒绝精神与物质之间的虚假二分法
    • 拥抱东方智慧和西方知识传统
    • 在日常体验中找到快乐,同时保持神秘的视角

瓦茨认为,真正的灵性不需要禁欲或拒绝世界。相反,他提倡全身心地投入生活,在平凡中看到神圣,在平凡中找到超越。

2. 文化融合与东西方综合的力量

正如我所说,吉卜林是英国殖民主义的一个渠道,通过这个渠道,喜马拉雅文化传入了英国,其他类似的还有《亚洲之光》的作者埃德温·阿诺德爵士,世界信仰大会主席弗朗西斯·杨哈斯本爵士,《灯笼的另一面》的作者弗雷德里克·特里夫斯爵士,他的书激发了我对日本的兴趣,还有撰写印度教和佛教学术研究的查尔斯·艾略特爵士——所有这些游侠骑士从亚洲掠夺了比橡胶、鸦片和茶更有价值的礼物。

文化交融孕育创新。 瓦茨认识到东西方思想融合的变革力量,视其为更新和新见解的源泉。这种综合使人类体验和灵性的理解更加全面。

  • 东西方综合的好处:
    • 挑战根深蒂固的文化假设
    • 扩展哲学和灵性视野
    • 创造新的思维和表达方式

瓦茨的作品体现了这种综合,借鉴禅宗、道教和印度教,同时与西方哲学、心理学和基督教互动。他认为,这种跨文化对话对于解决东西方世界观的局限性至关重要。

3. 挑战传统宗教和教育

我知道我不能反对这种节奏,因为布道的风格本身就是一种夸张,而是必须像俄耳甫斯一样,用不同的音乐来吸引它。

通过诱惑而非对抗实现转变。 瓦茨提倡温和地颠覆传统智慧,使用幽默、隐喻和引人入胜的故事来挑战僵化的信仰体系。他批评传统宗教机构和正规教育无法解决存在的基本问题。

  • 瓦茨对传统系统的批评:
    • 宗教教条和道德主义
    • 死记硬背和学术迂腐
    • 将智力与直觉和经验分离

瓦茨采用更微妙的方法,而不是直接对抗,邀请人们通过个人体验和内省来质疑他们的假设并探索替代视角。

4. 迷幻药和改变意识状态的变革潜力

我当时有一种感觉,从这些中心,从这些我感到特别自由做自己的环境中,波浪正在扩散,找到大量人的回应;这得益于其他中心也在做类似的事情。

扩展意识,转变文化。 瓦茨认识到迷幻体验和其他改变意识状态对个人和集体意识的深远影响。他认为这些体验是文化转变和灵性觉醒的催化剂。

  • 改变意识状态的潜在好处:
    • 消除自我边界
    • 进入神秘或超越体验
    • 挑战唯物主义世界观

尽管承认迷幻药的风险和争议,瓦茨主张在负责任和支持性的环境中使用它们,以促进深刻的见解和灵性成长。

5. 灵性中的自发性、幽默和不严肃的重要性

我是诚挚的但不严肃,我最诚挚的信念之一是上帝不严肃。

在深刻面前保持轻松。 瓦茨强调幽默、玩乐和自发性在灵性实践和哲学探究中的重要性。他认为,过于严肃地对待自己或自己的信仰会成为真正理解和成长的障碍。

  • 瓦茨方法的要素:
    • 用幽默解除自我防御
    • 拥抱悖论和荒谬
    • 培养对存在的惊奇和喜悦感

通过以轻松的态度对待灵性,瓦茨建议我们可以更容易地放下僵化的信仰,开放自己以接受更深层次的真理和体验。

6. 探索超越自我和社会条件的意识

正如牛顿所知并实践的那样,要达到最简单的真理,需要多年的沉思。不是活动。不是推理。不是计算。不是任何形式的忙碌行为。不是阅读。不是谈话。不是努力。不是思考。只是记住自己需要知道的是什么。

沉默揭示真理。 瓦茨提倡直接探索意识,超越自我和社会条件的限制。他强调冥想、沉思和直接体验在理解现实和自我本质中的重要性。

  • 探索意识的实践:
    • 冥想和正念
    • 感官意识练习
    • 质疑关于现实和自我的基本假设

通过从不断的心理活动和社会角色中退后一步,瓦茨建议我们可以进入更基本的意识和理解层次。

7. 非传统友谊和社区的价值

我发现自己身处一群不羞于表达感情的人中,他们不羞于表现出温暖、热情和质朴的生活乐趣,而我则逐渐陷入了学术界特有的情感便秘——假装的谦虚、刻意的客观、谨慎的意见和对热情的恐惧。

真实的连接促进成长。 瓦茨强调找到和培养允许真实自我表达和探索的关系和社区的重要性。他重视挑战传统规范并鼓励个人和灵性成长的友谊。

  • 瓦茨偏爱的社交圈的特点:
    • 对非传统思想和体验的开放
    • 强调真实的自我表达
    • 融合智力、艺术和灵性追求

这些关系和社区提供了一个支持性的环境,用于探索替代的思维、生活和与他人及世界的关系方式。

8. 将神秘主义与日常生活和关系相结合

我看到自然没有真正的错误;人类及其制度和其他任何事物一样自然;此外,我对任何情况的抱怨和我认为没有理由抱怨的想法一样自然。

拥抱存在的整体性。 瓦茨提倡将神秘的见解和体验融入日常生活,而不是将灵性视为与世俗关注分离的。他鼓励在平凡中找到神圣,以正念和存在感对待关系和日常活动。

  • 将神秘主义与日常生活结合的方法:
    • 在日常活动中培养意识
    • 将关系视为灵性成长的机会
    • 看到生活各方面的相互关联

通过模糊灵性和世俗之间的界限,瓦茨建议我们可以更充分和真实地生活,认识到在看似琐碎的事物中蕴含的深刻。

9. 语言和智力理解在灵性问题上的局限性

我说这些是为了建议我在亚洲研究学院工作的精神,基于老子和庄子,平衡、智取、软化和缓解自凯撒的军团从罗马出发以来一直在震撼世界的军事、机械行进、滴答作响和锯齿状的生活节奏。

超越语言的是智慧。 瓦茨认识到语言和智力理解在传达深刻灵性真理方面的局限性。他强调直接体验和直觉认知的重要性,而不是概念知识。

  • 超越语言限制的方法:
    • 使用悖论和公案指向超越概念思维
    • 强调体验性实践而非智力研究
    • 培养沉默和存在感

虽然重视清晰的沟通,瓦茨鼓励超越语言,关注它们试图描述的现实的直接体验,认识到终极真理往往难以用言语表达。

最后更新日期:

FAQ

What's In My Own Way: An Autobiography about?

  • Personal Journey: The autobiography chronicles Alan Watts's life from 1915 to 1965, detailing his philosophical evolution and spiritual journey. It highlights his experiences with Eastern philosophies, particularly Buddhism and Taoism.
  • Cultural Reflections: Watts reflects on his upbringing in England, his education, and his move to the United States, where he became a key figure in introducing Eastern thought to Western audiences.
  • Philosophical Insights: The book delves into themes such as the integration of spiritual and material life, the nature of self, and the importance of living authentically.

Why should I read In My Own Way: An Autobiography?

  • Unique Perspective: Alan Watts offers a distinctive viewpoint on spirituality, blending Eastern and Western philosophies. His engaging writing style makes complex ideas accessible.
  • Inspiration and Reflection: The autobiography encourages readers to reflect on their own lives and beliefs, challenging conventional views on religion, identity, and existence.
  • Cultural Context: It provides historical context on the mid-20th century's East-West dialogue on spirituality and philosophy, relevant for those interested in cultural studies.

What are the key takeaways of In My Own Way: An Autobiography?

  • Integration of Opposites: Watts emphasizes the importance of integrating the spiritual with the material, encouraging readers to find balance in their lives.
  • Self-Discovery: The book illustrates the journey of self-discovery, highlighting the importance of understanding one's identity beyond societal labels.
  • Living Authentically: Watts advocates for living true to oneself, encouraging readers to embrace their individuality and personal truths.

What are the best quotes from In My Own Way: An Autobiography and what do they mean?

  • "The paths are many but their end is one.": This quote emphasizes the universality of spiritual experience, suggesting that various paths lead to the same truth.
  • "To be or to get in your own way means all at once to fulfill yourself and to obstruct yourself.": Watts highlights the paradox of self-fulfillment, where personal beliefs can both aid and hinder growth.
  • "The sensation called 'self' is unrealizable without the sensation called 'other.'": This underscores the interconnectedness of all beings, suggesting our understanding of self is tied to our relationships.

How does Alan Watts view the concept of self in In My Own Way: An Autobiography?

  • Illusion of the Self: Watts discusses the self as an illusion, encouraging readers to look beyond the constructed self to understand their true nature.
  • Interconnectedness: He emphasizes that our sense of self is deeply connected to others, challenging the notion of individuality.
  • Authenticity: Watts advocates for living authentically, suggesting that embracing one's true self is essential for personal fulfillment.

What role does spirituality play in In My Own Way: An Autobiography?

  • Exploration of Eastern Philosophies: Spirituality is central, as Watts explores Buddhism and Taoism as pathways to deeper understanding and personal growth.
  • Integration of Spiritual and Material: He emphasizes integrating spiritual insights with everyday life, encouraging readers to find spirituality in daily experiences.
  • Personal Spiritual Journey: The autobiography reflects Watts' own spiritual journey, illustrating how his experiences shaped his understanding of existence.

How does In My Own Way: An Autobiography address the concept of ego?

  • Ego as Illusion: Watts discusses the ego as a construct that can hinder true understanding, suggesting that a rigid sense of self limits experiences.
  • Transcending the Ego: He emphasizes that realizing one's unity with the universe allows for a more profound sense of individuality.
  • Ego and Spirituality: Watts argues that intense spirituality often leads individuals to reject militaristic and authoritarian structures, highlighting the conflict between ego-driven ambitions and spiritual growth.

What is Alan Watts' view on education in In My Own Way: An Autobiography?

  • Critique of Traditional Education: Watts critiques the traditional education system, describing it as "half-miseducated" and stifling creativity.
  • Value of Self-Directed Learning: He emphasizes the importance of self-directed learning and personal exploration over rote memorization.
  • Integration of Knowledge: Watts advocates for a holistic approach to education, integrating philosophy, art, and spirituality for a deeper understanding of life.

How does In My Own Way: An Autobiography explore the theme of love?

  • Complex Nature of Love: Watts explores love's complexities, emphasizing it as a profound connection beyond romantic or sexual experiences.
  • Interconnectedness of Beings: He highlights love as a fundamental aspect of existence, transcending individual identities.
  • Love as a Path to Understanding: Watts suggests that love can lead to deeper understanding and awareness, allowing individuals to connect with life's essence.

What is the significance of the title In My Own Way?

  • Personal Authenticity: The title reflects Watts' commitment to living life on his own terms, embracing individuality and personal truth.
  • Integration of Opposites: It suggests integrating various life aspects—spiritual, material, and personal—into a cohesive whole.
  • Philosophical Exploration: The title encapsulates the philosophical exploration throughout the book, encouraging readers to seek their own understanding.

How does Alan Watts describe his family background in In My Own Way: An Autobiography?

  • Victorian Influence: Watts describes his family as influenced by Victorian values, shaping his early views on religion and spirituality.
  • Supportive Environment: Despite a strict upbringing, he acknowledges the support and encouragement from his parents, fostering his creativity.
  • Impact on Philosophy: His family background played a significant role in shaping his philosophical outlook, navigating tensions between traditional beliefs and his emerging understanding.

How does In My Own Way: An Autobiography address the relationship between spirituality and sexuality?

  • Sexuality as Natural: Watts views sexuality as a natural part of human existence that should not be repressed.
  • Integration of Experiences: He emphasizes integrating sexual and spiritual experiences for a holistic understanding of self and universe.
  • Critique of Moralism: Watts critiques moralistic attitudes towards sexuality, believing they create unnecessary guilt and hinder spiritual growth.

评论

4.18 满分 5
平均评分来自 1k+ 来自Goodreads和亚马逊的评分.

《以我自己的方式》是一部引人入胜的自传,深入探讨了艾伦·瓦茨的生活、哲学和精神旅程。读者欣赏瓦茨的机智、诚实以及他将东方和西方思想融合的能力。这本书提供了关于反文化、宗教和个人成长的独特视角。尽管有些人认为它自我放纵或过时,但许多人赞扬瓦茨的写作风格以及他对意识、灵性和人性的探索。这部自传被视为瓦茨思想和经历的宝贵反映,既提供智慧又带来娱乐。

Your rating:

关于作者

艾伦·威尔逊·沃茨是一位英国哲学家、作家和演讲者,以在西方普及东方哲学而闻名。他拥有神学和神学高级学位,撰写了超过25本关于个人身份、现实、意识和宗教等主题的书籍。沃茨专注于为西方观众解释亚洲哲学,探讨了上帝、幸福和生命意义的概念。他的作品结合了个人经历、科学知识和各种传统的宗教教义。沃茨的著作和演讲继续影响着关于灵性、哲学和比较宗教的讨论。

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