Gaza in Crisis

1. The U.S. Role: A Complex Legacy of Influence in Palestine

American policy in the Middle East, like any regional policy of a great power in the past, is the outcome of more than one factor.

Multiple Influences. U.S. policy in the Middle East, particularly concerning Palestine, is not solely shaped by the Israeli lobby, but by a complex interplay of historical, religious, economic, and political factors. These include:

• Millenarian Christian Zionism: A belief in the return of Jews to their biblical homeland as a precursor to the Second Coming, influencing U.S. support for Israel.
• The King-Crane Legacy: A historical precedent for U.S. policy based on the aspirations of the local population, often overshadowed by other interests.
• The LaGuardia-Kenen Legacy: The influence of ethnic politics and lobbying, particularly the pro-Israel lobby, in shaping U.S. policy.
• The Five Sisters' Legacy: The role of oil interests in shaping U.S. policy in the Arab world, sometimes conflicting with pro-Israel stances.
• The Morgenthau-Waltz Legacy: The realist and neorealist approaches to foreign policy, prioritizing power balances and often favoring the stronger party (Israel).

Historical Context. Understanding the historical development of these influences is crucial for comprehending the current U.S. policy in the Middle East. These factors, initially separate, have converged to create a powerful force shaping U.S. actions in the region.

Beyond the Lobby. While the pro-Israel lobby is a significant factor, it is not the sole determinant of U.S. policy. Other factors, such as the influence of Christian Zionists and the pursuit of oil interests, also play a crucial role.

2. The Nakbah: A Catastrophe Erased from Israeli Memory

For Israelis, 1948 is a year in which two things happened that contradict each other.

Conflicting Narratives. The year 1948 is viewed in starkly different ways by Israelis and Palestinians. For Israelis, it marks the birth of their nation, a miraculous event of triumph and justice. For Palestinians, it is the Nakbah, the catastrophe of displacement, dispossession, and loss.

Ethnic Cleansing. The Nakbah involved the systematic ethnic cleansing of Palestine, including:

• The destruction of 500 Palestinian villages and 11 urban neighborhoods.
• The expulsion of 700,000 Palestinians.
• The massacre of thousands of Palestinians.

Denial and Erasure. Israeli society has largely erased the Nakbah from its collective memory, focusing instead on narratives of heroism and national liberation. This denial is reinforced through textbooks, curricula, media, and political discourse.

Consequences of Denial. The denial of the Nakbah has significant consequences, including:

• Perpetuating the conflict by ignoring the root causes of Palestinian grievances.
• Undermining the possibility of a just and lasting peace.
• Creating a moral blind spot in Israeli society.

3. Gaza: A Microcosm of Occupation and Resistance

The attack specifically targeted the closing ceremony of a police academy, killing dozens of policemen.

Gaza as a Cage. The Gaza Strip is a densely populated area, effectively a prison, subjected to a brutal Israeli blockade and frequent military assaults. This has created a humanitarian crisis and a cycle of violence.

Israeli Tactics. Israeli military operations in Gaza often involve:

• Disproportionate force targeting civilian infrastructure and populations.
• The use of advanced weaponry against a largely defenseless population.
• The deliberate infliction of pain on civilians to achieve political goals.
• The destruction of homes, schools, hospitals, and other essential facilities.

Hamas as a Social Movement. Hamas is not merely an armed militia but a social movement with a large popular base deeply entrenched in Gazan society. Attempts to eliminate Hamas through military force are unlikely to succeed and often result in more radicalization.

The Cycle of Violence. The U.S.-Israeli strategy of using force to "educate" Hamas and the Gazan population has proven ineffective, leading to a cycle of violence and suffering. This approach ignores the underlying political and social issues that fuel the conflict.

4. The One-State Solution: A Troubled History, a Potential Future

The one-state solution has a troubled history.

Historical Roots. The one-state solution, initially conceived as a binational state by some early Zionists, has a complex and often marginalized history. It was briefly considered by the UN in 1947 but was ultimately rejected in favor of partition.

The PLO and One State. The PLO initially advocated for a secular, democratic one-state solution, but later shifted to a two-state approach. The one-state idea has been kept alive by those who believe it is the only moral and just solution.

The Failure of Two States. The failure of the Oslo Accords and the continued expansion of Israeli settlements have led to a renewed interest in the one-state solution. This is seen as a way to address the issues of refugees, equality, and the multi-religious nature of the region.

A New Movement. The one-state movement is gaining momentum, with a focus on:

• Reintroducing the past into the equation, acknowledging the Nakbah and the colonial nature of Zionism.
• Deconstructing the current peace process, exposing its flaws and biases.
• Preparing practical projects for a future one-state reality, including a constitution, educational system, and economic plan.

5. The Ghettoization of Palestine: A Dialogue on Power and Oppression

The hypocrisy again is stunning.

Double Standards. The international community, particularly the U.S., applies a double standard to Israel, imposing conditions on Palestinians that are not applied to Israel. This includes demands for recognition, renunciation of violence, and acceptance of past agreements.

U.S. Unconditional Support. The U.S. provides unconditional support to Israel, despite its violations of international law and human rights. This support is driven by a combination of factors, including political, economic, and religious interests.

The Illusion of Peace. The current peace process is based on a flawed premise, prioritizing Israeli security and control over Palestinian rights and self-determination. This has led to a cycle of violence and a deepening of the occupation.

The Need for Change. A fundamental shift in approach is needed, one that recognizes the root causes of the conflict and prioritizes justice and equality for all. This requires a challenge to the existing power structures and a willingness to consider alternative solutions.

6. The Killing Fields of Gaza: A Chronicle of Violence and Impunity

The Israeli Army has always struck civilian populations, purposely and consciously.

Systematic Violence. Israeli military operations in Gaza are characterized by systematic violence against civilians, including:

• The use of disproportionate force.
• The targeting of civilian infrastructure.
• The use of banned weapons, such as white phosphorus.
• The destruction of homes, schools, and hospitals.

The "Dahiyya Doctrine." The Israeli military employs a doctrine of disproportionate force, targeting entire neighborhoods and inflicting damage that takes ages to recover from. This doctrine is applied to both Lebanon and Gaza.

Impunity and Lack of Accountability. Israel operates with a sense of impunity, rarely facing consequences for its actions. This is due to the support of the U.S. and the lack of effective international mechanisms for accountability.

The Need for Justice. The international community must hold Israel accountable for its actions and ensure that those responsible for war crimes are brought to justice. This requires a fundamental shift in the way the conflict is viewed and addressed.

7. A Middle East Peace: Possible, Yet Elusive

The basic principles have been accepted by virtually the entire world.

International Consensus. There is near-universal agreement on the basic principles of a two-state solution, based on the pre-1967 borders with minor and mutual modifications. This consensus is supported by the Arab states, the Organization of Islamic States, and relevant non-state actors.

U.S.-Israeli Rejectionism. The main obstacle to peace is the U.S.-Israeli rejection of the international consensus. This rejection is driven by a desire to maintain control over Palestinian territories and to undermine the possibility of a viable Palestinian state.

The Taba Negotiations. The Taba negotiations in 2001 demonstrated that a settlement was possible, but they were prematurely called off by Israel. This remains a crucial example of a missed opportunity for peace.

The Path Forward. A genuine peace requires:

• The U.S. to join the international consensus and end its unconditional support for Israel.
• Israel to abandon its rejectionist stance and accept a two-state solution based on international law.
• A focus on justice and equality for all, rather than prioritizing power balances and control.

Last updated: January 25, 2025