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More or Less Maddy

More or Less Maddy

by Lisa Genova 2025 360 pages
4.21
18.2K ratings
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Plot Summary

Ceiling Fans and Crashes

Maddy's crash after mania in Vegas

Maddy, a young woman in a Las Vegas hotel room, stares at a ceiling fan, contemplating suicide after a manic episode. She's exhausted, disoriented, and ashamed, unable to move or remember the details of the previous night. Her mind races with self-loathing and regret, recognizing the familiar descent into depression after a period of reckless, euphoric energy. The narrative introduces her as a comedian who's lost control, haunted by her family's warnings and her own inability to break the cycle of self-destruction. The chapter sets the tone for a story about mental illness, ambition, and the struggle for self-acceptance.

Homecoming and Old Patterns

Returning home, family dynamics resurface

Back in Connecticut after a tough first year at NYU, Maddy is exhausted and withdrawn, sleeping excessively and feeling detached from her family. Her mother's attempts to motivate her with food and job suggestions only highlight their disconnect. Maddy's relationships with her siblings, especially her high-achieving sister Emily, and her estranged father, are sketched out, revealing a family that prizes appearances and achievement. The pressure to conform and the sense of not fitting in are palpable, as is Maddy's growing sense of alienation.

Medical Forms and Masks

Hiding pain during a doctor's visit

Maddy's annual physical becomes a performance, as she lies on intake forms to avoid scrutiny about her mental health. The depression survey triggers anxiety, but she masks her true feelings, even as her doctor dismisses her symptoms as normal "PMS." The experience is humiliating and alienating, reinforcing her reluctance to seek help or be honest about her struggles. The chapter underscores the stigma and misunderstanding surrounding mental illness, especially for young women.

Family Dinners, Family Roles

Family dynamics and expectations clash

At a country club dinner, Maddy observes her family's rituals and the unspoken rules that govern their lives. Her mother's remarriage to Phil brought financial stability but emotional distance. Maddy feels out of place among her privileged, image-conscious relatives, longing for the warmth and authenticity of her childhood. The contrast between her mother's pursuit of normalcy and Maddy's sense of being an outsider is stark, highlighting the generational and personal divides that shape her identity.

Summer Job, Old Flames

Work at Starbucks, Adam's return

Maddy finds solace in the routine of her Starbucks job and reconnects with her childhood friend Sofia. The return of her ex-boyfriend Adam, however, reignites old patterns of obsession and dependency. Their on-again, off-again relationship is a source of both comfort and pain, illustrating Maddy's vulnerability and her difficulty in setting boundaries. The chapter explores the ways in which technology and nostalgia can trap us in unhealthy cycles.

Sex, Secrets, and Control

Sexuality, parental control, and anxiety

Maddy's mother discovers evidence of her sexual activity, leading to a tense confrontation and a visit to a male gynecologist. The experience is invasive and patronizing, compounding Maddy's sense of powerlessness. Plans with friends are derailed by family obligations and Adam's manipulations, reinforcing the theme of Maddy's life being dictated by others' expectations and desires. The chapter delves into the intersection of sexuality, autonomy, and mental health.

Dorm Life, Sisterhood, and Isolation

College life, sisterly support, and loneliness

Back at NYU, Maddy struggles to connect with her new roommate and classmates, feeling isolated despite being surrounded by people. Emily's visit offers a brief respite, but the gap between their lives is evident. Maddy's inability to form new friendships or find her place in the college environment exacerbates her depression, while her sister's effortless competence serves as a painful contrast.

Depression's Descent

Depression deepens, self-harm begins

Maddy's depression intensifies, making even basic self-care feel insurmountable. She skips classes, loses weight, and becomes fixated on self-harm as a means of coping with emotional pain. The act of cutting provides a fleeting sense of relief and control, but also deepens her shame and isolation. The chapter is a raw depiction of the physical and psychological toll of untreated mental illness.

Cutting, Drinking, and Academic Peril

Self-destruction, academic crisis, and suicidal thoughts

As Maddy's academic performance plummets, she turns to alcohol and self-harm to numb her distress. A warning from the university about her grades triggers panic and suicidal ideation. She seeks help from the student health center, receiving a prescription for antidepressants and a temporary reprieve. The chapter highlights the precarious balance between survival and self-destruction, and the inadequacy of institutional responses to mental health crises.

Pills, Mania, and Comedy

Antidepressants trigger mania and creative explosion

The antidepressant initially lifts Maddy's mood, leading to a period of intense productivity and grandiosity. She becomes obsessed with Taylor Swift, convinced she's destined to write her biography and a Netflix comedy special. Her behavior becomes increasingly erratic and delusional, culminating in reckless spending and risky encounters. The chapter captures the seductive allure and destructive potential of mania, as well as the blurred line between creativity and illness.

Texts, Delusions, and Fallout

Manic texting, family alarm, and unraveling

Maddy's manic episode spills into her digital life, as she bombards friends, family, and even Taylor Swift with a barrage of texts and DMs. Her family becomes alarmed by her incoherence and spending spree, leading to a confrontation at Thanksgiving. The chapter is a whirlwind of impulsivity, fractured relationships, and the unraveling of Maddy's sense of reality.

Thanksgiving Breakdown

Public meltdown, violence, and police intervention

During Thanksgiving dinner, Maddy's mania peaks in a chaotic scene involving a physical altercation, property damage, and threats with a knife. Her family, terrified and helpless, calls the police, resulting in Maddy's involuntary hospitalization. The episode is both tragic and darkly comic, illustrating the devastating impact of untreated bipolar disorder on individuals and families.

Hospital Restraints

Involuntary commitment, confusion, and resistance

Strapped to a hospital bed, Maddy is disoriented, angry, and convinced she's being wronged. She resists treatment and refuses to acknowledge her illness, clinging to her delusions and mistrust of authority. The chapter explores the trauma of psychiatric hospitalization and the difficulty of accepting help when one's sense of self is under siege.

Numbness and Recovery

Medication fog, family visits, and emptiness

Sedated and emotionally blunted by medication, Maddy drifts through her days in the hospital, unable to connect with her family or herself. The passage of time is meaningless, and her memories are fragmented. The chapter conveys the numbing effects of psychiatric drugs and the slow, uncertain process of recovery.

Diagnosis and Denial

Bipolar disorder diagnosis, family disbelief, and stigma

In a meeting with her psychiatrist and mother, Maddy is formally diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Her mother is in denial, searching for alternative explanations and blaming medication or external factors. Maddy herself is stunned and resistant, struggling to reconcile the diagnosis with her sense of identity. The chapter examines the stigma and confusion surrounding mental illness, and the challenge of accepting a lifelong condition.

Lithium, Loss, and Letting Go

Side effects, breakups, and self-hatred

Back home, Maddy grapples with the side effects of lithium—tremors, fatigue, weight gain—and the loss of her relationship with Adam. She feels unlovable and hopeless, haunted by the belief that her illness defines her. Attempts at self-harm continue, and her mother's efforts to protect her only deepen her sense of isolation. The chapter is a portrait of grief, shame, and the struggle to find meaning in suffering.

Breakups and Breakdown

Relationship ends, relapse, and suicidal ideation

Adam breaks up with Maddy, unable to handle her illness. Maddy's depression worsens, leading to renewed self-harm and a near-suicidal overdose. Her mother's vigilance and the removal of privacy (no bathroom door, constant monitoring) underscore the loss of autonomy and trust. The chapter is a harrowing depiction of the intersection between mental illness and the loss of love, agency, and hope.

New York, New Rules

Return to city, new boundaries, and cautious optimism

With her sister's support and her psychiatrist's cautious approval, Maddy moves in with Emily in New York, under strict conditions: medication adherence, mood tracking, and no drugs or alcohol. She finds work at Starbucks and begins to rebuild her life, forming new routines and friendships. The chapter explores the possibility of stability and the importance of support systems in recovery.

Comedy, Secrets, and Siblings

Comedy as lifeline, secrecy, and sibling trust

Maddy secretly returns to stand-up comedy, finding purpose and joy in writing and performing. She hides this from her mother and psychiatrist, fearing they'll see it as a symptom of mania. When Emily discovers the truth, a confrontation ensues, but Emily ultimately supports Maddy's passion, recognizing its role in her healing. The chapter highlights the tension between risk and reward, and the necessity of trust in relationships.

Permission, Trust, and Relapse

Negotiating independence, relapse, and consequences

Maddy negotiates for more autonomy, promising to use a mood app and allow her family to monitor her well-being. Despite initial progress, she stops taking her meds before Emily's bachelorette party, triggering another manic episode. The cycle of secrecy, relapse, and hospitalization repeats, illustrating the chronic, relapsing nature of bipolar disorder and the limits of external control.

Open Mics and New Friends

Comedy community, mentorship, and self-discovery

Maddy immerses herself in the comedy scene, finding mentorship in Max and friendship in Simone. She hones her craft through open mics, bringer shows, and relentless writing, experiencing both triumphs and humiliations. The camaraderie and competition of the comedy world provide both support and challenge, helping Maddy to define her identity beyond her illness.

First Set, First High

First open mic, taste of success

With Simone's encouragement, Maddy performs her first open mic, experiencing the intoxicating high of making people laugh. Even a single genuine laugh is enough to validate her efforts and fuel her ambition. The experience is both terrifying and exhilarating, marking a turning point in her journey toward self-acceptance and creative fulfillment.

Mentors, Lovers, and Betrayal

Romantic entanglements, betrayal, and resilience

Maddy's relationship with Max becomes both a source of inspiration and heartbreak. When he chooses another comic for a tour, Maddy is devastated but quickly finds a new opportunity in a women's comedy festival. The episode underscores the importance of resilience, adaptability, and self-worth in the face of rejection and disappointment.

Bringer Show, Big Dreams

Bringer show success, dreams of touring

Maddy's first bringer show is a triumph, and she's offered a spot as an opener on a college tour. The prospect of touring with Max is thrilling, but also fraught with anxiety about her readiness and the sustainability of her mental health. The chapter explores the tension between ambition and vulnerability, and the need for self-care in the pursuit of dreams.

Discovery, Confrontation, Bargain

Emily discovers the truth, confrontation, and compromise

Emily uncovers Maddy's secret comedy life, leading to a confrontation that threatens Maddy's fragile stability. Through negotiation and performance, Maddy earns her sister's trust and secures permission to continue pursuing comedy, provided she remains stable. The chapter highlights the importance of honesty, accountability, and the support of loved ones in managing mental illness.

Sister's Laughter, New Hope

Sister's laughter, validation, and renewed hope

Emily's genuine laughter at Maddy's set is a watershed moment, providing the validation and encouragement Maddy needs to continue. The sisters' bond is strengthened, and Maddy feels a renewed sense of hope and possibility. The chapter is a testament to the healing power of connection, humor, and acceptance.

Bachelorette, Mania, and Escape

Bachelorette party, relapse, and manic flight

At Emily's bachelorette party, Maddy's decision to stop her meds leads to a manic episode, culminating in a wild night of drinking, drugs, and impulsive decisions. She flees to Houston, convinced she's destined to open for Taylor Swift, only to be detained at the airport and hospitalized. The episode is a vivid illustration of the dangers of untreated mania and the thin line between fantasy and reality.

Vegas, Delusion, and Collapse

Vegas delusions, crash, and hospitalization

Maddy's mania continues in Las Vegas, where she believes she's collaborating with Taylor Swift and writing a hit album. The crash that follows is devastating, leading to another hospitalization and a painful reckoning with the consequences of her illness. The chapter explores the seductive power of delusion and the inevitable collapse that follows.

Aftermath, Acceptance, and Middle Path

Recovery, acceptance, and the search for balance

In the aftermath of her latest episode, Maddy begins to accept her diagnosis and the need for ongoing treatment. She reflects on the cyclical nature of her illness, the importance of medication and support, and the challenge of finding a sustainable "middle path" between mania and depression. The chapter is a meditation on acceptance, resilience, and the possibility of living well with bipolar disorder.

Comedy's Door, Family's Love

Comedy as purpose, family's evolving support

Maddy's commitment to comedy deepens, even as her family struggles to understand and support her choices. Paid gigs, new material, and growing confidence mark her progress, while her mother's gradual acceptance signals a shift in their relationship. The chapter affirms the importance of purpose, creativity, and unconditional love in recovery.

First paid gigs, real-world challenges

Maddy's first paid gigs are both a milestone and a reality check, as she navigates the challenges of financial instability, housing insecurity, and family conflict. The tension between her mother's desire for normalcy and Maddy's pursuit of comedy comes to a head, forcing difficult choices and new beginnings. The chapter is a portrait of adulthood, compromise, and the ongoing negotiation between safety and freedom.

Middle Path, Worthy Life

Living with bipolar disorder, finding worth and meaning

Maddy settles into a new rhythm, balancing medication, therapy, and comedy. She embraces her diagnosis as part of her story, but not its entirety, and finds meaning in connection, creativity, and self-acceptance. Tattoos, friendships, and family support mark her journey toward a "worthy" life, one that is neither normal nor broken, but uniquely her own.

Characters

Maddy Banks

Creative, impulsive, and searching

Maddy is a young woman whose life is shaped by the highs and lows of bipolar disorder. A talented writer and aspiring comedian, she oscillates between periods of depression and mania, struggling to find stability and self-acceptance. Her relationships—with her family, friends, and lovers—are marked by both deep connection and painful rupture. Maddy's journey is one of self-discovery, resilience, and the ongoing negotiation between ambition and vulnerability. Her development is defined by her growing ability to accept her illness, advocate for herself, and find meaning in creativity and connection.

Emily Banks

Supportive, responsible, and conflicted

Emily, Maddy's older sister, is the family's golden child—organized, successful, and nurturing. She acts as both sibling and surrogate parent, often mediating between Maddy and their mother. Emily's own life is marked by traditional milestones—marriage, career, motherhood—but she struggles to reconcile her love for Maddy with her fear for her safety. Emily's journey involves learning to trust Maddy's judgment, support her autonomy, and accept that stability may look different for each person.

Amy (Maddy's Mother)

Controlling, anxious, and loving

Amy is a mother desperate to protect her daughter from harm, often resorting to control and surveillance in the name of safety. Her own history of trauma, particularly with Maddy's father, colors her responses to Maddy's illness. Amy's journey is one of gradual acceptance—learning to let go, trust, and support Maddy's choices, even when they diverge from her own ideals of normalcy and success.

Jack Banks

Privileged, easygoing, and supportive

Maddy's brother Jack is the embodiment of unearned confidence and privilege. Athletic, popular, and largely unaffected by the family's turmoil, he offers occasional support and comic relief. Jack's role is to highlight the gendered and familial dynamics that shape Maddy's experience, and to provide a contrast to her struggles.

Sofia Logan

Loyal, independent, and forgiving

Sofia is Maddy's childhood best friend, whose relationship with Maddy is tested by distance, betrayal, and the challenges of adulthood. Despite periods of estrangement, Sofia remains a source of unconditional love and support, embodying the possibility of forgiveness and enduring friendship.

Max Perry

Charming, ambitious, and self-serving

Max is a fellow comedian and Maddy's mentor-turned-lover. He offers guidance and validation, but ultimately prioritizes his own career and desires. Max's betrayal is a catalyst for Maddy's growth, forcing her to confront her own worth and the dangers of seeking validation from others.

Simone

Encouraging, grounded, and authentic

Simone is a fellow barista and aspiring actor who becomes a key supporter of Maddy's comedy ambitions. Her encouragement and honesty help Maddy to take risks, embrace imperfection, and claim her identity as a comedian. Simone's presence represents the importance of chosen family and peer support.

Phil

Stable, distant, and pragmatic

Phil, Maddy's stepfather, provides financial security and a calm presence, but remains emotionally distant. His role is to support Amy and maintain the family's outward stability, while leaving the emotional labor to others. Phil's character highlights the limitations of material comfort in addressing deeper emotional needs.

Gramma

Wise, accepting, and resilient

Maddy's grandmother is a source of unconditional love and hard-won wisdom. Having survived her own traumas, Gramma offers perspective, empathy, and hope. Her acceptance of Maddy's illness and her encouragement to fin

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Review Summary

4.21 out of 5
Average of 18.2K ratings from Goodreads and Amazon.

More or Less Maddy explores bipolar disorder through the story of Maddy Banks, a college student grappling with her diagnosis. Readers praise Genova's empathetic portrayal, raw honesty, and ability to shed light on mental health stigma. The book offers insight into the challenges faced by individuals with bipolar disorder and their families. While some found Maddy unlikable or the comedy storyline cringeworthy, most reviewers were deeply moved by the authentic depiction of mental illness. Many consider it Genova's best work yet, highlighting its educational value and potential to foster understanding and empathy.

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About the Author

Lisa Genova is a neuroscientist and bestselling author known for her fictional works exploring neurological conditions. She holds a Ph.D. in Neuroscience from Harvard University and has written several acclaimed novels, including "Still Alice," which was adapted into an Oscar-winning film. Genova's writing style combines scientific expertise with compelling storytelling, earning her comparisons to Oliver Sacks and Michael Crichton. She is a sought-after speaker on brain science and has given popular TED talks. Genova's work has been recognized with numerous awards for its contribution to public understanding of medical conditions and ongoing research. She serves on advisory boards for various health organizations and continues to bridge the gap between science and literature through her writing.

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