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The Velvet Rope Economy

The Velvet Rope Economy

How Inequality Became Big Business
by Nelson D. Schwartz 2020 352 pages
4.08
500+ ratings
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Key Takeaways

1. The Velvet Rope Economy: A New Class System

"The rise of the Velvet Rope Economy marks an end to the great democratization of American life in the post–World War II era."

Stratification of services. The Velvet Rope Economy refers to the increasing segmentation of products and services based on consumers' ability to pay. This trend has created a new class system where the wealthy enjoy premium experiences while others face diminishing quality and access.

Key sectors affected:

  • Travel: First-class lounges, private airport terminals
  • Entertainment: VIP concert experiences, luxury sports boxes
  • Healthcare: Concierge medicine, private firefighting services
  • Education: Elite college counseling, exclusive admissions support

Driving factors:

  • Growing income inequality
  • Technological advancements enabling personalized services
  • Corporate focus on high-margin customers
  • Changing social norms around luxury and exclusivity

2. Envy as a Marketing Tool in the Luxury Experience

"If you're not genuinely concerned about the future of the United States, you are not paying attention."

Psychological manipulation. Companies deliberately create visible disparities in service quality to trigger envy and aspiration among customers. This tactic aims to drive demand for premium offerings and increase overall spending.

Examples of envy-based marketing:

  • Airline boarding processes showcasing first-class perks
  • Cruise ship designs with exclusive areas for high-paying guests
  • VIP concert packages with visible perks like backstage access

Consequences:

  • Increased social tension and resentment
  • Erosion of shared experiences and communal spaces
  • Pressure on middle-class consumers to overspend

3. Exclusivity: The Power of Limited Access

"The fewer people granted elite status, the more superior these people will feel."

Scarcity as value. Businesses create artificial scarcity and exclusive access to justify premium pricing and cultivate a sense of superiority among wealthy clients.

Examples of exclusivity tactics:

  • Members-only clubs and experiences
  • Limited edition products and services
  • Invitation-only credit cards and financial services
  • Restricted access areas in public venues (e.g., stadiums, airports)

Psychological impact:

  • Reinforcement of social hierarchies
  • Increased perceived value of exclusive offerings
  • FOMO (fear of missing out) driving consumer behavior

4. Ease: Paying to Skip the Line

"Minutes count," said Dr. Carson. "In a stroke, you can lose millions of brain cells in one minute."

Convenience at a cost. The ability to bypass inconveniences and delays has become a premium service, available only to those willing and able to pay for it.

Areas where ease is monetized:

  • Theme parks: Fast passes and VIP experiences
  • Healthcare: Concierge medicine and priority access
  • Transportation: Private air travel, helicopter services
  • Government services: Expedited passport processing

Societal implications:

  • Reduced incentive to improve public services
  • Widening gap in quality of life experiences
  • Normalization of unequal access to essential services

5. Access: Health and Education for the Wealthy

"The American dream is about not feeling resentful because we have the outside hope that we can acquire what we want," he said. "Even if it's a vaguely attainable fantasy we tend not to be resentful."

Gatekeeping critical services. Access to top-tier healthcare and education increasingly depends on wealth, creating a self-perpetuating cycle of advantage for the affluent.

Examples of privileged access:

  • Concierge medical practices
  • Private college admissions counseling
  • Exclusive internships and networking opportunities
  • Priority access to experimental treatments and clinical trials

Long-term consequences:

  • Decreased social mobility
  • Widening health and educational disparities
  • Erosion of meritocracy in favor of wealth-based advancement

6. Security: Private Solutions for Public Problems

"We are living much more cloistered lives in terms of class," said Thomas Sander, who directs a project on civic engagement at the Kennedy School at Harvard.

Privatization of safety. Wealthy individuals increasingly rely on private security services, reducing their stake in public safety measures and community well-being.

Examples of private security measures:

  • Gated communities and private security forces
  • Personal bodyguards and armored vehicles
  • Private firefighting services for high-value properties
  • Luxury doomsday bunkers and survival services

Societal impact:

  • Reduced support for public safety infrastructure
  • Increased vulnerability for those who can't afford private security
  • Growing disconnect between social classes on safety concerns

7. The Isolation of Economic Segregation

"It's like something out of Ayn Rand," he said. "I don't know what the solution is but the folks in Silicon Valley aren't even talking about the problem. San Francisco is like the Roman Empire. They assure their dinner guests that everything is all right while people are gathering outside the palace walls."

Social bubbles. Economic segregation has led to increased isolation between social classes, reducing empathy and shared experiences.

Manifestations of economic isolation:

  • Residential segregation by income
  • Separate educational tracks and institutions
  • Divergent leisure and entertainment experiences
  • Distinct healthcare and wellness ecosystems

Consequences:

  • Reduced social cohesion and understanding
  • Difficulty in building broad political coalitions
  • Reinforcement of economic and social disparities

8. The Decline of Shared Spaces and Social Capital

"The middle class is being hollowed out," he said. "The bifurcation of the consumer space is emblematic of that. Whether it's brick and mortar or online, wealthier people are shopping with abandon. They have tremendous discretionary buying power. With the middle class and the lower classes living paycheck to paycheck, consumers are going downmarket."

Loss of common ground. The disappearance of shared public spaces and experiences has eroded social capital and community connections.

Examples of declining shared spaces:

  • Closure of middle-class department stores and malls
  • Privatization of parks and recreational areas
  • Segregation of public transportation options
  • Decline of community-based organizations and clubs

Impact on social capital:

  • Reduced opportunities for cross-class interactions
  • Weakening of local social networks and support systems
  • Decreased civic engagement and community involvement

9. Consequences of the Velvet Rope: Societal Division

"When the middle class starts to crumble, people increasingly see themselves as different from others," Ganesh Sitaraman, a law professor at Vanderbilt University, told The Atlantic in 2017. "They sort themselves by wealth, by education level, and the result is that there's an increasing fracturing of society, a loss of the solidarity that comes with having a large middle class. And that can be very destructive to a republic."

Fragmentation of society. The Velvet Rope Economy contributes to a more divided and less cohesive society, with far-reaching political and social consequences.

Areas of growing division:

  • Political polarization
  • Disparities in health outcomes
  • Educational achievement gaps
  • Economic mobility and opportunity

Long-term risks:

  • Erosion of democratic institutions
  • Increased social unrest and conflict
  • Reduced economic dynamism and innovation
  • Weakening of national identity and shared values

10. Alternatives to the Velvet Rope: Southwest Airlines Model

"Once you're on board, everyone is the same," she said. "I like the feeling that everyone matters and there aren't any gradations in how much they matter. It creates a sense of community even if it is a very short-term community."

Egalitarian business models. Southwest Airlines demonstrates that companies can be successful while maintaining a more equitable approach to customer service and employee relations.

Key elements of Southwest's approach:

  • No first-class seating or preferential boarding (beyond early check-in)
  • Consistent service quality for all passengers
  • Employee profit-sharing and non-hierarchical corporate culture
  • Focus on operational efficiency rather than price discrimination

Benefits of the Southwest model:

  • Strong customer loyalty and brand reputation
  • High employee satisfaction and retention
  • Consistent profitability and financial stability
  • Positive impact on industry standards and practices

The success of Southwest Airlines shows that alternatives to the Velvet Rope Economy are not only possible but can be highly profitable and beneficial to society as a whole.

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Review Summary

4.08 out of 5
Average of 500+ ratings from Goodreads and Amazon.

The Velvet Rope Economy explores how businesses cater to the wealthy, creating exclusive experiences and widening social divides. Readers found it eye-opening, detailing how inequality manifests in various sectors like travel, healthcare, and education. Many praised the book's compelling writing and research, though some felt it lacked concrete solutions. Critics appreciated the exposure of systemic issues but noted the depressing nature of the content. Overall, reviewers found it thought-provoking, highlighting the consequences of growing wealth disparity in America.

Your rating:

About the Author

Nelson D. Schwartz is an accomplished journalist and author known for his insightful reporting on economic issues. As a writer for The New York Times, he has covered various aspects of business and finance, developing a keen understanding of economic trends and their societal impacts. Schwartz's work often focuses on inequality and the changing dynamics of the American economy. His book, The Velvet Rope Economy, demonstrates his ability to analyze complex economic phenomena and present them in an accessible manner to a general audience. Schwartz's expertise in economic journalism has made him a respected voice in discussions about wealth disparity and its effects on society.

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