Ključne točke
1. Izogibajte se pogostim pastem zapleta, da bo vaša zgodba zanimiva
Zapomnite si: če je v prvem poglavju na polici žvečilni gumi, mora biti v zadnjem poglavju uporabljen.
Ohranjajte narativni ritem. Izogibajte se pretirani razlagi preteklosti, nepotrebnim podrobnostim ali nepovezanim stranskim zgodbam, ki upočasnjujejo dogajanje. Namesto tega se osredotočite na:
- Začetek z akcijo ali konfliktom, ki pritegne bralca
- Uvajanje elementov zapleta, ki se bodo kasneje obrestovali
- Ohranjanje doslednega tona in tempa skozi celotno zgodbo
Izogibajte se predvidljivosti. Presenetite bralce z nepričakovanimi obrati in izogibanjem klišejem. To dosežete z:
- Ustvarjanjem nepričakovanih zasukov v zapletu
- Razvijanjem kompleksnih likov z nasprotujočimi si motivacijami
- Reševanjem konfliktov na edinstvene in zadovoljive načine
2. Ustvarite prepričljive, verodostojne like z globino
Popolni ljudje so dolgočasni. Popolni ljudje so nadležni, ker so boljši od nas. Popolni ljudje so predvsem preveč dobri, da bi bili resnični.
Razvijajte pomanjkljive, povezljive like. Bralci se navežejo na like, ki se borijo in rastejo. Za takšne like:
- Dajte jim realne prednosti in slabosti
- Zagotovite ozadja, ki pojasnjujejo njihove odločitve in dejanja
- Dovolite jim, da delajo napake in se iz njih učijo
Izogibajte se enodimenzionalnim stereotipom. Liki naj bodo kompleksni in večplastni. To dosežete z:
- Dajanjem edinstvenih posebnosti in nasprotij
- Razkrivanjem njihovih notranjih misli in čustev
- Omogočanjem njihove spremembe in razvoja skozi zgodbo
3. Obvladajte osnove sloga za izboljšanje pisanja
Klišeji in pogosti izrazi prinašajo tudi nevarnost, da so preveč podobni stvari, na katero se nanašajo.
Razvijajte jasen, privlačen glas. Vaš slog pisanja naj zgodbo dopolnjuje, ne odvrača pozornosti. Za to:
- Uporabljajte raznolike stavčne strukture in besedišče
- Izogibajte se preveč uporabljenim frazam in klišejem
- Pokažite, ne pripovedujte – uporabite opisni jezik za žive prizore
Bodite jedrnati in namenjeni. Vsaka beseda naj služi napredku zgodbe ali razvoju likov. Za zgoščevanje besedila:
- Odstranite nepotrebne prislove in pridevnike
- Skrajšajte odvečne fraze in ponavljajoče informacije
- Uporabljajte močne glagole za izražanje dejanj in čustev
4. Oblikujte pristne dialoge in učinkovito pripovedovanje
Govorni oznaki sta eno izmed mest, kjer dolge razlage niso primerne.
Pišite realistične, likom prilagojene dialoge. Pogovori naj razkrivajo značaj in napredujejo zaplet. Za to:
- Vsakemu liku dajte edinstven glas in govor
- Uporabite dialog za prikaz odnosov in konfliktov med liki
- Izogibajte se pretirani razlagi skozi dialog
Uravnotežite pripoved in dialog. Učinkovito pripovedovanje združuje oba elementa. Za dobro ravnovesje:
- Pripoved uporabite za postavitev prizorov in konteksta
- Čustva in reakcije likov pokažite skozi dialog in notranje misli
- Spreminjajte tempo z izmenjavo odsekov, bogatih z dialogom, in tistih, ki so bolj pripovedni
5. Zgradite živo in dosledno izmišljeno svet
Čeprav roman ne more brez zapleta ali likov, mora vaš roman delovati tudi za tiste, ki simbolov sploh ne opazijo.
Ustvarite verodostojno okolje. Ne glede na to, ali pišete sodobno ali spekulativno fikcijo, naj bo vaš svet avtentičen. Za to:
- Raziskujte ustrezne podrobnosti za globino in verodostojnost
- Uvedite dosledna pravila in logiko vašega izmišljenega sveta
- Podrobnosti okolja vključujte naravno v pripoved
Uporabljajte simboliko in teme subtilno. Teme naj zgodbo bogatijo, ne pa preplavljajo. Za učinkovito vključevanje tem:
- Naj teme izhajajo organsko iz zapleta in likov
- Simboliko uporabljajte zmerno in z namenom
- Izogibajte se vsiljivemu moraliziranju ali pridiganju
6. Občutljive teme obravnavajte z občutkom
Če ste daleč od glavnega toka, je potrebna bolj nežna in prepričljiva pristop.
Premišljeno pristopajte k kontroverznim temam. Pri obravnavi občutljivih vprašanj bodite pozorni na občinstvo in možen vpliv. Za odgovorno obravnavo:
- Temeljito raziskujte za natančno predstavitev
- Predstavite več vidikov kompleksnih vprašanj
- Izogibajte se stereotipom in poenostavljanju
Zavedajte se svojih predsodkov. Prepoznajte in obravnavajte lastne pristranskosti in domneve. Za bolj uravnoteženo pripoved:
- Poiščite povratne informacije raznolikih bralcev
- Premislite o posledicah svojih upodobitev
- Bodite pripravljeni na spremembe problematičnih elementov
7. Napredne tehnike uporabljajte previdno
Seks in humor sta na strani zelo težavna za izvedbo; pogosto se zgodi, da humor uide, ko poskušamo prikazati seks.
Obvladujte osnove, preden se lotite naprednih tehnik. Eksperimentalni slogi in strukture so lahko močni, če so uporabljeni pravilno, a zahtevajo spretnost in vajo. Pri razmisleku o naprednih tehnikah:
- Prepričajte se, da služijo zgodbi in niso le triki
- Študirajte uspešne primere v svojem žanru
- Bodite pripravljeni na obsežne popravke, da bodo delovale
Občutljive prizore obravnavajte z nežnostjo. Prizori seksa, nasilja ali močnih čustev zahtevajo previdno pisanje. Za učinkovito pisanje:
- Osredotočite se na čustveni vpliv, ne na grafične podrobnosti
- Uporabljajte subtilen jezik in metafore, kjer je primerno
- Poskrbite, da ti prizori napredujejo zaplet ali razvoj likov
8. Izpopolnite svojo prošnjo za povečanje možnosti objave
Čas za osredotočanje na pomanjkljivosti vašega romana je med popravljanjem, ne med predstavitvijo.
Napišite prepričljivo predstavitev. Vaše pismo založnikom in agentom je prvi vtis. Za učinkovitost:
- Povzemite zgodbo jedrnato in privlačno
- Izpostavite, kaj vašo knjigo naredi edinstveno na trgu
- Vključite relevantne biografske podatke in pisateljske izkušnje
Predstavite se profesionalno. Izogibajte se pogostim napakam, ki lahko odvrnejo potencialne agente ali založnike. V svoji prošnji:
- Natančno preglejte za napake
- Natančno upoštevajte navodila za oddajo
- Bodite samozavestni, a ne arogantni glede svojega dela
Zadnja posodobitev:
FAQ
What's "How Not to Write a Novel" about?
- Guide to Avoid Mistakes: "How Not to Write a Novel" by Howard Mittelmark and Sandra Newman is a guide that highlights 200 common mistakes aspiring novelists make and offers advice on how to avoid them.
- Focus on What Not to Do: Instead of traditional writing advice, the book focuses on what not to do, using humor and examples to illustrate pitfalls.
- Structure and Content: The book is divided into sections covering plot, character, style, perspective, and the world of the novel, each with specific examples of errors.
- Practical and Humorous: It combines practical advice with humor, making it an engaging read for both novice and experienced writers.
Why should I read "How Not to Write a Novel"?
- Learn from Mistakes: The book provides insights into common writing errors, helping you learn from others' mistakes rather than making them yourself.
- Improve Writing Skills: By understanding what not to do, you can refine your writing skills and create more compelling and publishable work.
- Engaging and Entertaining: The humorous approach makes it an enjoyable read, offering both entertainment and education.
- Broad Applicability: The advice is applicable to writers of all genres, making it a valuable resource for any aspiring novelist.
What are the key takeaways of "How Not to Write a Novel"?
- Avoid Common Pitfalls: The book identifies and explains 200 common mistakes in novel writing, providing clear examples and solutions.
- Focus on Clarity and Engagement: It emphasizes the importance of clear, engaging writing that keeps readers interested and turning pages.
- Character and Plot Development: Offers insights into creating believable characters and plots that resonate with readers.
- Practical Writing Tips: Provides practical tips on style, perspective, and voice to enhance the quality of your writing.
How does "How Not to Write a Novel" address plot development?
- Beginnings and Setups: The book discusses the importance of strong beginnings and setups, warning against starting with mundane or irrelevant details.
- Complications and Pacing: It highlights the need for well-paced plots with meaningful complications that keep readers engaged.
- Endings: The authors stress the importance of satisfying endings that resolve the plot without resorting to clichés or deus ex machina.
- Avoiding Redundancy: Emphasizes cutting unnecessary scenes and focusing on the core story to maintain narrative momentum.
What advice does "How Not to Write a Novel" give on character development?
- Avoid Stereotypes: The book advises against creating stereotypical or one-dimensional characters, encouraging depth and complexity.
- Realistic Motivations: Characters should have believable motivations and flaws, making them relatable and engaging.
- Character Arcs: It stresses the importance of character development and growth throughout the story.
- Supporting Characters: Offers tips on creating memorable sidekicks and significant others who enhance the protagonist's journey.
How does "How Not to Write a Novel" suggest improving writing style?
- Clarity Over Complexity: The book advises using clear, straightforward language rather than overly complex or pretentious vocabulary.
- Avoiding Clichés: It warns against relying on clichés and encourages original, vivid descriptions.
- Dialogue Tips: Provides guidance on writing realistic dialogue that reflects character and advances the plot.
- Consistent Voice: Emphasizes maintaining a consistent narrative voice that suits the story and characters.
What are some specific methods or advice from "How Not to Write a Novel"?
- "Radical Surgery for Your Novel": Suggests cutting unnecessary scenes and focusing on the main plot to improve pacing.
- "The Red Herring on the Mantelpiece": Advises using red herrings effectively to add depth and intrigue to the story.
- "The Padded Cell": Discusses the challenges of writing in the age of cell phones and how to handle technology in plots.
- "The Democracy": Warns against using too many points of view, which can confuse readers and dilute the narrative.
What are the best quotes from "How Not to Write a Novel" and what do they mean?
- "We are merely telling you the things that editors are too busy rejecting your novel to tell you themselves." This quote highlights the book's purpose: to provide candid advice that writers might not hear from editors.
- "Do not think of us as traffic cops, or even driving instructors. Think of us instead as your onboard navigation system." This metaphor suggests that the authors aim to guide writers through the complexities of novel writing.
- "If you have made a point in one way, resist the temptation to reinforce it by making it again." This advice emphasizes the importance of avoiding redundancy in writing.
- "The only legitimate reason to do that is if the word you have chosen is the best word to express the idea." This quote underscores the importance of word choice and precision in writing.
How does "How Not to Write a Novel" address the use of perspective and voice?
- Consistent POV: The book stresses the importance of maintaining a consistent point of view to avoid confusing readers.
- Avoiding Head-Hopping: It warns against frequently switching perspectives, which can disrupt the narrative flow.
- Narrative Voice: Offers advice on developing a strong narrative voice that aligns with the story's tone and style.
- Interior Monologue: Discusses the effective use of interior monologue to reveal character thoughts and emotions without overwhelming the reader.
How does "How Not to Write a Novel" tackle the theme and message in writing?
- Subtlety Over Preaching: The book advises against overtly preaching a message, suggesting that themes should emerge naturally from the story.
- Symbolism: Encourages the use of subtle symbolism rather than heavy-handed metaphors that can distract from the narrative.
- Avoiding Clichéd Themes: Warns against relying on overused themes and encourages originality in conveying messages.
- Integration with Plot: Emphasizes that themes should be integrated with the plot and character development for a cohesive story.
What does "How Not to Write a Novel" say about setting and world-building?
- Avoid Over-Description: The book advises against excessive description that can slow down the narrative.
- Consistency in World-Building: Stresses the importance of creating a consistent and believable world, especially in fantasy and historical fiction.
- Relevance to Plot: Encourages settings that enhance the plot and character development rather than existing as mere backdrops.
- Avoiding Anachronisms: Warns against anachronisms in historical settings that can break the reader's immersion.
How does "How Not to Write a Novel" suggest handling research and historical accuracy?
- Thorough Research: The book emphasizes the importance of thorough research to create believable historical or technical details.
- Avoiding Info-Dumps: Advises against overwhelming readers with excessive information that doesn't serve the story.
- Integrating Research: Encourages integrating research seamlessly into the narrative to enhance authenticity.
- Balancing Fact and Fiction: Discusses the balance between historical accuracy and creative storytelling in historical fiction.
Ocene
Knjiga z naslovom Kako ne napisati romana prejema večinoma pozitivne ocene zaradi svojega duhovitega pristopa k prepoznavanju pogostih napak pri pisanju. Bralci cenijo duhovite primere in praktične nasvete, ki so hkrati zabavni in poučni. Nekateri kritizirajo knjigo kot preveč osnovno ali celo malce patronizatorsko, medtem ko drugi izpostavljajo njeno uporabnost za začetnike v pisanju. Pretirani primeri in sarkastičen ton so mnogim všeč, čeprav jih nekaj doživlja kot odbojnega. Na splošno jo recenzenti priporočajo kot lahkotnega vodiča za novince v pisanju in prijetno branje za ljubitelje literature.
Similar Books







