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Serious Creativity

Serious Creativity

Using The Power Of Lateral Thinking To Create New Ideas
作者 Edward de Bono 1995
3.83
500+ 评分
8 分钟

重点摘要

1. 创造力是一个有意的过程,而不仅仅是天赋

创造力不仅仅是改善事物的一种方式。没有创造力,我们无法充分利用已经掌握的信息和经验,这些信息和经验被锁在旧的结构、旧的模式、旧的概念和旧的认知中。

创造力是可以学习的。 它不仅仅是少数天才拥有的天赋,而是一种可以通过有意练习和系统技术来发展的技能。这挑战了传统观念,即创造力仅属于“创意型”或天才。

系统化的创造力方法。 德博诺引入了横向思维作为一套有意的技术来生成新想法和解决问题。这些技术基于对大脑作为自组织模式系统的理解,提供了一种结构化的方法来打破习惯性思维模式。

  • 有意创造力的关键组成部分:
  • 理解创造力的逻辑和本质
  • 学习具体的工具和技术
  • 定期练习和应用
  • 愿意挑战现有的模式和认知

2. 横向思维技术打破传统思维模式

你不能通过在同一个地方挖得更深来挖出一个不同的洞。

打破既定模式。 横向思维是关于横向移动以找到不同的认知、概念和切入点。这是一种有意的努力,旨在不同地思考,而不是沿着同样的思路更努力地思考。

补充垂直思维。 虽然垂直思维(逻辑的、逐步的推理)很有价值,但它通常不足以生成真正的新想法。横向思维技术提供了以下方法:

  • 逃离既定的思维模式
  • 生成替代视角
  • 做出意想不到的连接
  • 挑战假设

这些技术包括挑衅、随机输入和概念提取等工具,帮助思考者探索超出显而易见和逻辑的可能性。

3. 挑战假设并逃离传统思维

我想要减少文书工作的方式。

质疑现状。 创意挑战是关于质疑为什么事情以某种方式进行,即使它们看起来运作良好。这不是批评,而是探索替代方案和可能性。

逃离方法。 这种技术涉及识别我们认为理所当然的事情,然后有意地逃离它们。例如:

  • 理所当然:餐馆有食物
  • 逃离:Po,餐馆没有食物
  • 新想法:室内野餐餐厅,顾客自带食物

通过系统地挑战假设,我们可以:

  • 发现隐藏的机会
  • 重新思考既定的流程
  • 为旧问题生成新颖的解决方案
  • 打破“事情总是这样做”的惯例

4. 使用挑衅生成新想法和概念

Po,汽车应该有方形轮子。

有意挑衅。 “Po”这个词表示挑衅——一种故意不合理的陈述,用来打破正常的思维模式。这是一种在受控的方式下暂时“疯狂”以生成新想法的方法。

从挑衅到行动。 在陈述挑衅后,使用特定技术从挑衅陈述转向潜在有用的想法:

  1. 提取原则
  2. 关注差异
  3. 逐步推进
  4. 积极方面
  5. 情境

例如,从“方形轮子的汽车”中,我们可能会考虑可调悬挂的概念,从而产生适应崎岖地形的车辆的想法。

5. 随机输入可以激发创意连接

随机输入技术是挑衅技术之一,但其工作方式与其他挑衅技术略有不同。

意外连接。 随机输入技术涉及引入与当前问题无关的词或概念。这迫使大脑建立新的连接,可能会产生令人惊讶的创新想法。

简单而强大。 尽管看似不合逻辑,这种技术基于大脑作为模式生成系统的工作原理。它易于使用且非常有效:

  1. 定义你的焦点或问题
  2. 选择一个随机词(例如,从字典中)
  3. 强制将该词与焦点联系起来
  4. 探索由此产生的想法

例子:

  • 焦点:改进办公室复印机
  • 随机词:鼻子
  • 新想法:使用气味信号不同类型故障的复印机

6. 专注于概念,而不仅仅是想法,以获得创新解决方案

概念很像道路交叉口。我们退回到交叉口以找到另一条前进的道路。

概念提取。 与其专注于具体的想法,不如“退回”并识别潜在的概念。这允许更大的灵活性和更广泛的创意思维应用。

处理概念:

  1. 生成想法
  2. 从这些想法中提取概念
  3. 探索实现概念的替代方法
  4. 基于概念生成新想法

专注于概念的好处:

  • 允许更灵活的解决问题
  • 帮助识别可转移的原则
  • 鼓励在更高抽象层次上的思考
  • 导致更根本的创新

7. 创造力需要个人努力和团队动态的结合

根据我的经验,个人独自工作时产生的想法数量和范围远远超过团队合作时。

平衡个人和团队创造力。 虽然传统上强调团队头脑风暴,但个人的创意努力通常在生成初始想法方面更具生产力。

有效的创意过程:

  1. 个人构思:人们独自工作,使用横向思维技术生成想法
  2. 团队分享:个人向团队展示他们的想法
  3. 团队发展:团队在提出的想法基础上进行改进
  4. 迭代:根据需要重复该过程

这种方法的好处:

  • 利用个人创造力和团队协同作用
  • 减少可能限制团队中想法生成的社会抑制
  • 允许探索更广泛的想法
  • 促进所有参与者的所有权和参与感

8. 实施结构和计划以促进组织创造力

创造力是“好事”,没有人真正反对创造力。每个人都需要创造力,所以创造力是每个人的事。正因为如此,创造力最终成为没有人的事,什么也没发生。

使创造力系统化。 要真正利用组织中的创造力,必须实施具体的结构和计划,而不是依赖零星的努力或个人才能。

促进组织创造力的关键要素:

  • 创意清单:一个正式定义的创意需求领域列表
  • 创意中心:一个专门用于增强创造力的部门
  • 过程冠军:负责推动创意计划的高级管理人员
  • 定期创意会议:专注于生成新想法的定期会议
  • 培训计划:系统地发展创意思维技能
  • FAT/CAT计划:固定分配任务给创意行动团队

这些结构创建了一个框架:

  • 使创造力成为一种期望而不是例外
  • 提供创意输出的明确渠道
  • 确保持续关注创新和改进

9. 系统地培训和发展创意思维技能

技能培训总是“从中心”进行。这与正常的学科教学“从边缘”进行形成鲜明对比。

有意的技能发展。 创意思维技能可以而且应该像其他技能一样系统地教授。这涉及理解基本原理并练习具体技术。

培训方法:

  1. 敏化:让人们了解创造力的重要性和逻辑
  2. 技术培训:教授具体的横向思维工具
  3. 练习:在各种问题上指导应用技术
  4. 整合:将创意思维融入日常工作

有效的创造力培训的关键方面:

  • 专注于实用、可用的技术
  • 提供充足的练习机会
  • 教授创意方法的逻辑和应用
  • 根据不同的组织需求量身定制培训(例如,通用技能与专业创意角色)

通过投资系统的创造力培训,组织可以建立创新文化,并为员工提供应对复杂挑战的新工具。

最后更新日期:

FAQ

What's Serious Creativity about?

  • Focus on Creativity: Serious Creativity by Edward de Bono emphasizes the importance of creative thinking in various fields, including business, education, and government.
  • Lateral Thinking Techniques: It introduces systematic techniques for generating new ideas and changing perceptions through lateral thinking.
  • Practical Applications: The book provides tools like the Six Thinking Hats and the Concept Fan to enhance creative thinking capabilities.

Why should I read Serious Creativity?

  • Enhance Problem-Solving Skills: The book teaches how to think creatively and approach challenges from new perspectives.
  • Applicable in Various Fields: Techniques are useful across different domains, making it valuable for professionals in business, education, and beyond.
  • Structured Approach: Offers a systematic method to generate ideas and improve decision-making processes.

What are the key takeaways of Serious Creativity?

  • Lateral Thinking Definition: Defined as solving problems by unorthodox or illogical methods, encouraging breaking free from conventional thought patterns.
  • Importance of Provocation: Emphasizes provocation in creativity, exploring ideas that may seem absurd but lead to innovative solutions.
  • Creative Pause and Focus: Introduces "creative pause" and "simple focus" to enhance creative output by reflecting and considering alternatives.

What is lateral thinking, as defined in Serious Creativity?

  • Creative Problem-Solving: A method of generating new ideas by breaking away from traditional logical reasoning.
  • Provocation and Movement: Uses provocations to stimulate thought and movement to explore new possibilities.
  • Systematic Approach: Presented as a teachable and applicable method, making it accessible to everyone.

What are the Six Thinking Hats in Serious Creativity?

  • Color-Coded Thinking: Uses different colored hats to represent various modes of thinking: White (information), Red (feelings), Black (caution), Yellow (optimism), Green (creativity), and Blue (process control).
  • Structured Discussions: Allows groups to focus on one type of thinking at a time, reducing conflict and enhancing collaboration.
  • Encourages Diverse Perspectives: Ensures all aspects of a problem are considered before making decisions.

How does the Concept Fan work in Serious Creativity?

  • Layered Approach: Helps generate ideas by starting with a broad objective and breaking it down into concepts and specific ideas.
  • Fixed Points: Each layer represents a fixed point, from general direction to specific ideas, systematically exploring possibilities.
  • Encourages Creativity: Identifies new ways to achieve objectives and develop innovative solutions.

What is the Creative Pause in Serious Creativity?

  • Deliberate Reflection: Encourages stopping to reflect on the thinking process, allowing for new ideas and alternatives.
  • Investment in Creativity: Pausing can lead to significant insights and creative breakthroughs.
  • Building a Habit: Regular practice helps develop a habit of creative thinking, making idea generation easier.

What is the escape method mentioned in Serious Creativity?

  • Challenging Assumptions: Involves identifying "taken-for-granted" elements and deliberately negating them to provoke new ideas.
  • Generating Fresh Perspectives: Encourages exploring alternative approaches not previously considered.
  • Practical Application: Can be applied in various contexts, prompting individuals to think outside the box.

How can organizations implement the techniques from Serious Creativity?

  • Training Programs: Establish programs to teach employees lateral thinking techniques, integrating creativity into corporate culture.
  • Creative Hit Lists: Identify areas needing creative attention, providing a structured approach to idea generation.
  • Regular Creative Sessions: Schedule sessions to practice techniques and continuously develop creative skills.

What is the significance of harvesting ideas in Serious Creativity?

  • Maximizing Value: Systematically record and evaluate creative session outputs to ensure valuable concepts are not overlooked.
  • Categorizing Ideas: Ideas are categorized into specific, "for-instance," seedling, and concept ideas for better understanding.
  • Facilitating Future Creativity: Maintains a repository of concepts for future development, enhancing overall creativity.

What are some common misperceptions about creativity according to Edward de Bono?

  • Natural Talent vs. Teachability: Creativity is often seen as a natural talent, but de Bono argues it can be developed through training.
  • Craziness and Creativity: Creativity is not just about "crazy" ideas; it is a serious process that can be structured and refined.
  • Right Brain/Left Brain Myth: Challenges the idea that creativity is solely a right-brain function, involving both hemispheres.

What role does confidence play in the creative process according to Serious Creativity?

  • Building Fluency and Skill: Confidence is essential for developing fluency and skill in creative thinking.
  • Acknowledging Failures: Recognizing when creative efforts don't yield results can build confidence and resilience.
  • Encouraging Experimentation: A confident mindset fosters experimentation, leading to more innovative outcomes.

评论

3.83 满分 5
平均评分来自 500+ 来自Goodreads和亚马逊的评分.

《严肃的创造力》获得了褒贬不一的评价,平均评分为3.82/5。读者们欣赏德博诺对创造性思维的创新方法和提供的实用工具。许多人认为内容有价值,但批评写作风格重复且枯燥。一些人称赞书中对创造性技术的全面覆盖,而另一些人则认为其内容过时。该书被认为在商业应用中特别有用。批评者指出,一些观点在设计思维中已变得司空见惯,但支持者认为德博诺的方法具有更广泛的应用。

Your rating:

关于作者

爱德华·德博诺是一位马耳他籍的博学者,以其在创造性思维和问题解决方面的贡献而闻名。他创造了“横向思维”一词,并开发了多种增强创造力的技术,包括六顶思考帽方法。德博诺倡导在学校教授思维技能,并为全球众多组织提供咨询服务。他的工作强调了在商业和教育中有意识地培养创造力的重要性。尽管他因自我宣传而受到一些批评,德博诺的思想对商业管理、教育和个人发展等领域产生了重大影响。他的众多书籍和讲座使创造性思维技术变得易于大众理解和应用。

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