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Stones Into Schools

Stones Into Schools

Promoting Peace With Books, Not Bombs, in Afghanistan and Pakistan
作者 Greg Mortenson 2009 420 页数
3.85
17k+ 评分

重点摘要

1. 教育是对抗极端主义和贫困的最强有力武器

“如果你教育一个男孩,你教育的是一个个体;但如果你教育一个女孩,你教育的是一个社区。”

教育改变社会。 在极端主义和贫困猖獗的阿富汗和巴基斯坦,教育为更美好的未来带来了希望。中亚学院(CAI)专注于在偏远地区建立学校和推广识字,尤其是为女孩提供教育,这些地方没有其他教育机会。这种方法不仅提供知识,还能:

  • 减少极端主义意识形态的吸引力
  • 改善个人和社区的经济前景
  • 提高健康水平,降低婴儿死亡率
  • 促进冲突多发地区的和平与稳定

通过优先考虑教育,特别是女孩的教育,社会能够打破贫困和暴力的循环,创造出惠及整个社区的连锁反应,造福未来几代人。

2. 建立关系对成功的开发工作至关重要

“哈吉·阿里坚信,每个问题的解决方案都始于喝茶。”

关系是成功的基础。 莫滕森在发展工作中的方法强调与当地社区建立强大关系的重要性。这一理念体现在“三杯茶”的概念中,具体包括:

  • 第一杯:你是陌生人
  • 第二杯:你是朋友
  • 第三杯:你是家人

通过花时间倾听、理解和尊重当地的习俗和需求,莫滕森和他的团队能够:

  • 获得社区领导者的信任与合作
  • 确保项目符合当地的需求和文化
  • 在复杂的政治和社会环境中游刃有余
  • 创建可持续的、以社区为驱动的倡议

这种基于关系的方法比自上而下的发展策略更为有效,带来了持久的积极变化。

3. 在逆境中坚持不懈会带来非凡成就

“当黑暗足够深时,你可以看到星星。”

克服障碍是成功的关键。 莫滕森的旅程充满了诸多挑战,从个人挫折到后勤噩梦和文化误解。然而,他对使命的坚定承诺使他取得了显著的成果。坚持不懈的例子包括:

  • 克服初期筹款困难
  • 在不稳定地区应对复杂的政治局势
  • 适应恶劣的地理条件以建设学校
  • 尽管面临极端主义团体的威胁仍继续工作

这种坚持不仅导致了众多学校的建设,还激励了其他人加入这一事业,在世界上最具挑战性的环境中创造了积极变化的连锁反应。

4. 赋权当地社区确保可持续发展

“CAI的工作人员包括一名登山搬运工、一位文盲农民,他是巴尔蒂诗人的儿子、一位曾在喀喇昆仑公路走私丝绸和塑料玩具的人、一位在难民营待了二十三年的人、一名前牧羊人和两名前塔利班成员。”

地方专业知识推动成功。 CAI的发展方法强调赋权当地社区,让他们对项目拥有主导权。这一策略包括:

  • 聘用具有多样背景和经验的当地员工
  • 让社区成员参与决策过程
  • 培训当地教师和管理人员
  • 鼓励社区贡献(土地、劳动力、材料)

通过利用当地知识并培养归属感,CAI确保:

  • 项目符合文化背景并满足实际需求
  • 社区对学校的长期成功充满投资
  • 建立当地能力,减少对外部援助的依赖
  • 即使在困难环境中也能实现可持续的变化

这种方法与许多传统援助模式形成鲜明对比,并在创造持久影响方面证明了其高度有效性。

5. 文化理解和尊重是有效援助工作的关键

“你与我们分享的第一杯茶,你是陌生人。第二杯,你是朋友。但第三杯,你便成为家人——为了我们的家人,我们愿意做任何事情,甚至是牺牲。”

文化敏感性至关重要。 莫滕森在巴基斯坦和阿富汗偏远地区建立学校的成功,主要归功于他对当地文化和传统的深刻尊重。这一方法的关键方面包括:

  • 学习当地语言和习俗
  • 尊重宗教信仰和习惯
  • 根据当地需求和偏好调整项目
  • 通过耐心和对当地人民的真诚兴趣建立信任

通过深入了解他所帮助的文化,莫滕森能够:

  • 获得社区领导者的信任与合作
  • 在复杂的社会和政治环境中游刃有余
  • 避免可能破坏项目的文化误解
  • 创建被当地社区接受的可持续解决方案

这种文化理解在克服障碍和实现持久影响方面至关重要,尤其是在那些通常对外部影响持抵触态度的地区。

6. 一个人的愿景能够激发全球变革的力量

“一个孩子、一个老师、一本书和一支笔可以改变世界。”

个人行动激发全球影响。 格雷格·莫滕森从一次失败的K2攀登到在中亚建立学校的旅程,展示了一个人的愿景可以产生深远的影响。他的故事说明了:

  • 小行动的连锁反应
  • 在逆境中坚持不懈的力量
  • 个人经历如何引领全球运动

莫滕森的工作激励了:

  • 全球成千上万的志愿者和捐赠者
  • 关于在冲突地区发展战略的军事策略变化
  • 公众对教育在对抗极端主义中的重要性认知的转变

通过分享他的故事和愿景,莫滕森动员了全球社区支持教育,尤其是在世界上最具挑战性的地区,证明了一个人的奉献确实可以改变世界。

7. 女孩的教育对社会进步和稳定至关重要

“你可以发放避孕套、投放炸弹、修建道路或提供电力,但直到女孩们接受教育,社会就不会改变。”

教育女孩改变社会。 CAI对女孩教育的关注源于对受过教育的女性对社区发展的不成比例影响的理解。女孩教育的好处包括:

  • 降低婴儿和母亲死亡率
  • 改善家庭健康和营养
  • 提高经济生产力
  • 降低出生率,实现更可持续的人口增长
  • 增强抵御极端主义意识形态的能力

通过优先考虑女孩教育,即使在文化保守的地区,CAI也:

  • 挑战传统性别角色
  • 赋权女性成为社区领导者
  • 为年轻一代创造榜样
  • 促进更稳定和繁荣的社区

这种对女孩教育的重视已被证明是实现长期社会发展和稳定的最有效策略之一。

8. 创新解决方案是克服后勤挑战的必要条件

“萨尔法兹的策略很明确:他得出结论,任何单一方向都无法到达博扎伊·古姆巴兹,因此他决定第一所学校将在世界屋脊上同时从四个方向组装。”

创造力征服障碍。 在偏远且常常冲突频发的地区建设学校面临着诸多后勤挑战。CAI的成功在很大程度上归功于他们创新的问题解决方法。例子包括:

  • 使用多种运输方式运送物资(卡车、牦牛、骆驼)
  • 根据当地条件和可用材料调整建筑技术
  • 利用当地知识和资源克服地理挑战
  • 运用外交技巧应对政治和文化障碍

这些创新解决方案使CAI能够:

  • 在以前被认为无法到达的地区建设学校
  • 降低成本,提高项目实施效率
  • 快速适应变化的环境和意外挑战
  • 激励当地社区寻找创造性解决方案来解决自身问题

通过跳出常规思维,CAI实现了许多人认为不可能的目标,将教育带入世界上最偏远的地区。

9. 不同群体之间的合作可以产生显著成果

“我们无法捕获人们的心灵和思想。我们必须与他们互动;我们必须倾听他们,一个心灵和一个思想一次一个。”

不太可能的合作推动进步。 莫滕森工作的一个显著方面是他能够促进不同且常常对立的群体之间的合作。这种方法导致了意想不到的联盟和成果,包括:

  • 前塔利班成员与西方援助工作者之间的合作
  • 美国军方与当地部落领导者之间的伙伴关系
  • 竞争民族和宗教团体为共同的教育目标而合作

这些合作带来了:

  • 对学校项目的安全和支持的增加
  • 各方之间更大的文化理解
  • 更有效和可持续的发展倡议
  • 通过共同目标建立和平的模式

通过将不同利益相关者聚集在一起,莫滕森证明了即使在最不可能的情况下也能找到共同点,从而带来变革性的结果。

10. 信守承诺和维护信任的重要性

“在一个人的生命中,可能会出现一个必须抓住的机会。当这个机会到来时,你不能让对自己的担忧成为你深爱的女儿的负担,而你希望她得到最好的。”

信任是变革的基础。 在他的工作中,莫滕森强调了与当地社区保持承诺和信任的重要性。这一原则的典范包括:

  • 他十年来努力兑现为吉尔吉斯人民建设学校的承诺
  • 即使面临重大障碍,始终如一地履行承诺
  • 优先考虑长期关系而非短期利益

这种对信任的承诺带来的影响包括:

  • 与当地社区建立强大而持久的关系
  • 增加社区对项目的支持和参与
  • 提高CAI在挑战性环境中的信誉
  • 成为激励当地合作伙伴和全球支持者的诚信典范

通过始终如一地履行承诺,莫滕森建立了信任的基础,使CAI在世界上最具挑战性的地区取得了显著成果。

最后更新日期:

FAQ

What's Stones Into Schools about?

  • Focus on Education: The book chronicles Greg Mortenson's mission to promote peace through education in Afghanistan and Pakistan, with a particular focus on building schools for girls.
  • Personal Journey: It begins with Mortenson's failed attempt to climb K2, leading to a promise to build a school in the village of Korphe, setting him on a decade-long humanitarian path.
  • Cultural Insights: The narrative provides deep insights into the local cultures, emphasizing the importance of understanding customs and building relationships with community leaders.

Why should I read Stones Into Schools?

  • Inspiring True Story: The book is an inspiring account of how one person's commitment can lead to significant change, particularly in education and women's rights.
  • Educational Advocacy: It highlights the critical need for education in conflict zones and how it can combat extremism and poverty.
  • Cultural Understanding: Readers gain a better understanding of Afghan and Pakistani societies, fostering empathy and awareness of their challenges.

What are the key takeaways of Stones Into Schools?

  • Education as a Peace Tool: Mortenson emphasizes that education, not military force, is key to fostering peace in conflict zones.
  • Importance of Relationships: Building trust and relationships with local communities is essential for successful humanitarian work.
  • Empowerment of Women: Educating girls leads to broader societal benefits, as it empowers entire communities.

What are the best quotes from Stones Into Schools and what do they mean?

  • Educating Girls: "If you educate a boy, you educate an individual, but if you educate a girl, you educate a community." This highlights the ripple effect of educating girls.
  • Building Relationships: "The first cup of tea you share with us, you are a stranger. The second cup, you are a friend. But with the third cup, you become family." This illustrates the importance of trust in cross-cultural interactions.
  • Education's Importance: "To deprive Afghan children of education is to bankrupt the future of the country." Mortenson stresses the long-term consequences of neglecting education.

What challenges did Greg Mortenson face in Stones Into Schools?

  • Logistical Difficulties: Reaching remote areas involved treacherous terrain and lack of infrastructure, complicating communication and project timelines.
  • Cultural Barriers: Mortenson faced resistance, especially regarding girls' education, requiring him to build trust with local leaders.
  • Political Instability: The unstable political landscape posed risks to his safety and the sustainability of his projects.

How did Mortenson build relationships with local communities?

  • Listening and Learning: Mortenson prioritized understanding the needs and concerns of local communities before proposing projects.
  • Engaging Local Leaders: He worked closely with village elders and religious leaders to gain support for educational initiatives.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: Mortenson respected local traditions, symbolized by his approach of sharing "three cups of tea."

How did the earthquake in 2005 affect Mortenson's work?

  • Destruction of Schools: The earthquake destroyed many schools, creating an urgent need for educational support and rebuilding efforts.
  • Increased Demand for Aid: Mortenson had to navigate disaster relief complexities while continuing to promote education.
  • Shift in Focus: The disaster shifted his focus toward immediate relief, including providing temporary schools and resources for displaced families.

What impact did Stones Into Schools have on education in Afghanistan and Pakistan?

  • Increased Awareness: The book raised awareness about the critical need for education in conflict zones, particularly for girls.
  • Funding for Schools: Mortenson's story inspired financial contributions to the Central Asia Institute, enabling the construction of numerous schools.
  • Empowerment of Women: The initiatives described contributed to the empowerment of women by providing girls with access to education.

How does Stones Into Schools address the issue of girls' education?

  • Highlighting Barriers: Mortenson discusses cultural and societal barriers that prevent girls from accessing education.
  • Community Engagement: He emphasizes engaging local communities to advocate for girls' education and change perceptions.
  • Success Stories: The book showcases achievements of girls who benefited from the schools, demonstrating education's transformative power.

What methods did Mortenson use to promote girls' education?

  • Community Engagement: Mortenson worked with local communities and religious leaders to advocate for girls' education.
  • Building Schools: He focused on constructing schools accessible to girls, providing a safe learning environment.
  • Advocacy and Awareness: Mortenson raised awareness about the importance of girls' education through speaking engagements and writings.

How does Mortenson's personal journey influence his work in Stones Into Schools?

  • Background and Motivation: His experiences as a climber and early encounters with the people of Pakistan shape his understanding and passion for education.
  • Lessons Learned: Mortenson reflects on lessons from the communities he serves, informing his approach to building schools.
  • Commitment to Service: His dedication to serving others is evident in his willingness to face danger and adversity for his mission.

How does Mortenson's approach differ from traditional NGO methods?

  • Grassroots Focus: Mortenson prioritizes community involvement and local leadership, contrasting with some NGOs' top-down approaches.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: His work is characterized by respect for local cultures, adapting strategies to meet unique community needs.
  • Long-Term Commitment: Mortenson's dedication to building relationships and sustainable initiatives reflects a long-term vision for change.

评论

3.85 满分 5
平均评分来自 17k+ 来自Goodreads和亚马逊的评分.

《把石头变成学校》获得了大多数积极的评价,读者们称赞其鼓舞人心的信息和引人入胜的叙述。许多人发现这本书比莫滕森之前的作品更具吸引力,欣赏其中的个人叙事和对中亚文化的深刻见解。读者们被那些教育改变偏远地区人们生活的故事所感动。然而,也有一些人批评了书中的写作风格和组织结构。一些评论者提到关于莫滕森涉嫌捏造和资金滥用的争议,这影响了他们对整本书的看法。尽管如此,许多人仍然认为书中传达的教育重要性的信息具有很大的价值。

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关于作者

格雷格·莫滕森是中亚研究所的联合创始人,也是畅销书《三杯茶》和《石头变学校》的合著者。他出生于坦桑尼亚,后来在美国军队服役,并成功攀登了巴基斯坦的K2峰。在承诺为一个偏远村庄建造学校后,莫滕森将自己的生活奉献给了教育事业,特别是巴基斯坦和阿富汗的女孩教育。尽管面临绑架和威胁等挑战,他仍然建立了超过131所学校,教育了58,000名儿童。莫滕森获得了巴基斯坦最高的民事奖项,并曾被提名诺贝尔和平奖。他与妻子和两个孩子居住在蒙大拿州。

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