Invisible Child

1. Dasani's struggle: A microcosm of urban poverty in America

"To know Dasani Joanie-Lashawn Coates—to follow this child's life, from her first breaths in a Brooklyn hospital to the bloom of adulthood—is to reckon with the story of New York City and, beyond its borders, with America itself."

A child of the system: Dasani's life encapsulates the challenges faced by many poor, urban families in America. Born in 2001 to a mother struggling with addiction, Dasani navigates a world of homeless shelters, underfunded schools, and government agencies. Her experiences highlight:

• The persistence of poverty in one of the world's wealthiest cities
• The impact of gentrification on low-income communities
• The inadequacy of social services in addressing systemic issues

A family's struggle: Through Dasani's eyes, we see the daily struggles of a family trying to survive in a system that seems designed to keep them down. From the Auburn shelter's deplorable conditions to the constant threat of child protective services, the Coates family's story illustrates the complexities of urban poverty.

2. The cycle of homelessness: Systemic failures and personal challenges

"To be poor is to be stressed—a condition that all children experience, to some degree."

Chronic stress: The constant instability of homelessness takes a toll on both children and adults. For Dasani and her family, this manifests in:

• Frequent moves between shelters and temporary housing
• The constant threat of separation due to child welfare interventions
• Difficulty maintaining consistent education and healthcare

Barriers to stability: Despite efforts to escape homelessness, the Coates family faces numerous obstacles:

• Limited access to affordable housing
• The challenges of addiction and mental health issues
• A welfare system that often penalizes attempts at self-sufficiency

The cycle of poverty and homelessness is perpetuated by both personal struggles and systemic failures, making it incredibly difficult for families like Dasani's to break free.

3. Education as a lifeline: Dasani's journey from public school to Hershey

"Miss Holmes knows the odds are slim. The school has a 10 percent acceptance rate."

A chance at escape: Education represents Dasani's best hope for breaking the cycle of poverty. Her journey from Brooklyn's underfunded public schools to the Milton Hershey School in Pennsylvania highlights:

• The stark disparities in educational opportunities for poor children
• The potential for transformative change through quality education
• The challenges of adapting to a new environment and culture

Struggles and triumphs: At Hershey, Dasani faces new challenges:

• Adjusting to a structured environment and higher academic expectations
• Navigating the emotional toll of separation from her family
• Balancing her Brooklyn identity with the school's expectations

Despite these difficulties, Dasani shows remarkable resilience and potential, demonstrating the impact that opportunities like Hershey can have on a child's future.

4. Family dynamics: The impact of addiction and instability on children

"To be an angel is to be incorruptible—to 'think for herself' rather than being swayed by others."

The burden of responsibility: As the oldest child, Dasani often takes on a parental role, a common phenomenon in families struggling with addiction and poverty. This "parentification" has profound effects:

• Increased maturity and resilience
• Difficulty forming trusting relationships with adults
• Challenges in transitioning back to age-appropriate behaviors

The ripple effect of addiction: Chanel and Supreme's struggles with substance abuse impact the entire family:

• Constant instability and moves
• Involvement with child protective services
• Emotional trauma for the children

The complex dynamics within the Coates family illustrate how addiction and poverty can create a cycle of instability that affects multiple generations.

5. Race and class in America: The perpetuation of inequality

"By the time Dasani came into the world, the old Brooklyn was vanishing. Entire neighborhoods would be remade, their families displaced, their businesses shuttered, their histories erased by a gentrification so vast and meteoric that no brand of bottled water could have signaled it."

Historical context: Dasani's story is set against the backdrop of America's long history of racial and economic inequality:

• The legacy of slavery and segregation
• The impact of redlining and discriminatory housing policies
• The ongoing effects of mass incarceration and the war on drugs

Modern manifestations: These historical injustices continue to shape Dasani's world:

• Gentrification pushing low-income families out of their neighborhoods
• Racial disparities in education, healthcare, and criminal justice
• The concentration of poverty in urban areas

The book illustrates how race and class intersect to create persistent barriers to upward mobility for families like Dasani's.

6. Child welfare system: A complex web of interventions and consequences

"To divide Dasani and her siblings would, Feinman argued, 'present a greater imminent risk to the children than remaining where they are.'"

A double-edged sword: The child welfare system, designed to protect children, often creates additional trauma and instability:

• The constant threat of family separation
• The challenges of navigating a complex bureaucracy
• The disproportionate impact on poor families and families of color

Unintended consequences: Well-intentioned interventions can have negative effects:

• The stress of constant monitoring and home visits
• The stigma associated with involvement in the system
• The potential for children to be placed in worse situations than their original homes

The book raises important questions about the effectiveness and fairness of the current child welfare system, particularly for families struggling with poverty.

7. Resilience and hope: Dasani's fight for a better future

"I think I'm gonna like it here!"

Dasani's strength: Despite the immense challenges she faces, Dasani demonstrates remarkable resilience:

• Her academic potential and athletic abilities
• Her fierce protection of her siblings
• Her ability to adapt to new environments, like the Hershey School

The power of opportunity: Dasani's experience at Hershey shows the potential for positive change when children are given access to resources and support:

• Improved academic performance
• Exposure to new experiences and possibilities
• The development of long-term goals and aspirations

While the book doesn't shy away from the harsh realities of poverty, Dasani's story also offers hope for the transformative power of education and opportunity in breaking the cycle of intergenerational poverty.

Last updated: January 22, 2025