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Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy

Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy

The Harvard Medical School Guide to Healthy Eating
作者 Walter C. Willett 2001 352 页数
4.10
2k+ 评分
3 分钟

重点摘要

1. 采用以植物为基础的地中海饮食,促进最佳健康

“地中海饮食为健康饮食提供了一个良好的初步蓝图。”

均衡营养。 地中海饮食强调以植物为基础的食物、健康脂肪和适量的瘦肉蛋白。这种饮食模式与降低心脏病、中风、糖尿病和某些癌症的风险密切相关。它包括:

  • 丰富的水果、蔬菜和全谷物
  • 来自橄榄油、坚果和鳄梨等来源的健康脂肪
  • 适量的鱼类、家禽和乳制品
  • 限制红肉和加工食品

灵活性和享受。 地中海饮食并不限制,而是一种可以适应各种文化偏好和个人口味的灵活饮食模式。它鼓励与家人和朋友一起享用餐点,促进身体和社交的双重健康。

2. 选择全谷物而非精制碳水化合物

“用全谷物代替精制谷物是明智之举。”

营养益处。 全谷物包含整个谷粒,包括麸皮、胚芽和胚乳。这意味着它们比精制谷物提供更多的纤维、维生素、矿物质和植物营养素。益处包括:

  • 更好的血糖控制
  • 改善消化和肠道健康
  • 降低心脏病和2型糖尿病的风险

实际选择。 通过选择以下食物将全谷物纳入饮食:

  • 用糙米代替白米
  • 用全麦面包代替白面包
  • 早餐或配菜选择燕麦片、藜麦或大麦

3. 优先选择健康脂肪,限制饱和脂肪和反式脂肪

“多吃好脂肪,远离坏脂肪,是健康营养策略中的重要一环。”

了解脂肪。 并非所有脂肪都是一样的。单不饱和脂肪和多不饱和脂肪对心脏健康有益,而饱和脂肪和反式脂肪则会增加心血管疾病的风险。

  • 好脂肪:橄榄油、鳄梨、坚果、种子、肥鱼
  • 坏脂肪:黄油、红肉、全脂乳制品、加工食品

实际应用。 在饮食中用不饱和脂肪替代饱和脂肪。例如,用橄榄油代替黄油烹饪,选择坚果作为零食而不是薯片,定期在餐点中加入三文鱼等肥鱼。

4. 选择瘦肉蛋白,减少红肉摄入

“多吃来自豆类和坚果等植物来源的蛋白质,或来自鱼、鸡肉和火鸡的蛋白质,比红肉更好。”

蛋白质多样性。 健康饮食包括多种蛋白质来源,重点是植物蛋白和瘦肉蛋白。这种方法有助于降低心脏病、某些癌症和其他慢性病的风险。

健康的蛋白质来源包括:

  • 豆类(豆子、扁豆、豌豆)
  • 坚果和种子
  • 鱼类和海鲜
  • 家禽
  • 鸡蛋
  • 适量的瘦肉

环境影响。 选择植物蛋白和减少红肉摄入不仅有益于个人健康,还通过减少温室气体排放和水资源使用对环境产生积极影响。

5. 多吃水果和蔬菜,获取必需营养素

“多吃水果和蔬菜,但要限制果汁和玉米,少吃土豆。”

营养密度。

最后更新日期:

FAQ

What's Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy about?

  • Focus on Healthy Eating: The book provides a comprehensive guide to healthy eating, emphasizing the importance of informed dietary choices for improved health and longevity.
  • Critique of Traditional Guidelines: Dr. Willett critiques outdated dietary guidelines, such as the USDA Food Pyramid, and proposes a more balanced approach prioritizing whole foods and healthy fats.
  • Scientific Foundation: Grounded in research, particularly from the Nurses’ Health Study, the book offers evidence-based recommendations on the long-term effects of dietary patterns.

Why should I read Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy?

  • Clear and Accessible Information: Dr. Willett simplifies complex nutritional science into practical advice, making it easy to understand and implement.
  • Challenging Common Myths: The book debunks popular misconceptions about fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, encouraging readers to rethink dietary choices.
  • Practical Tips and Recipes: It includes practical tips for shopping and meal planning, along with over seventy recipes that align with recommended dietary patterns.

What are the key takeaways of Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy?

  • Emphasize Plant-Based Foods: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats is linked to lower risks of chronic diseases.
  • Healthy Fats Matter: Incorporating healthy fats, such as those from olive oil and nuts, while reducing saturated and trans fats, can improve heart health.
  • Mindful Eating Practices: Being mindful of eating habits, including portion sizes and food quality, can lead to better weight management and health outcomes.

What are the best quotes from Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy and what do they mean?

  • “Eat food. Not too much. Mostly plants.” This quote emphasizes the importance of whole foods and moderation, focusing on plant-based foods as the foundation of a healthy diet.
  • “You are what you drink.” It highlights the significance of beverage choices in overall health, suggesting that sugary drinks can contribute to weight gain and chronic diseases.
  • “The ultimate winners are the readers of this book.” This reflects Dr. Willett's commitment to empowering readers with knowledge to make healthier dietary choices.

What is the Harvard Healthy Eating Plate?

  • Visual Guide to Healthy Eating: It is a visual representation of Dr. Willett's dietary recommendations, emphasizing filling half your plate with fruits and vegetables.
  • Focus on Whole Grains and Healthy Proteins: Encourages consumption of whole grains and healthy protein sources, such as fish, poultry, beans, and nuts.
  • Avoid Sugary Drinks: Advises against sugary beverages, promoting water, coffee, or tea instead, aligning with the book's emphasis on reducing added sugars.

How does Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy address carbohydrates?

  • Distinction Between Carbohydrates: Differentiates between refined carbohydrates, which spike blood sugar, and whole grains, which provide sustained energy and nutrients.
  • Glycemic Index Importance: Discusses the glycemic index as a measure of how quickly carbohydrates affect blood sugar levels, recommending low-glycemic foods.
  • Whole Grains for Health: Emphasizes the benefits of whole grains, linked to lower risks of diabetes and heart disease, encouraging their inclusion in diets.

What role does fat play in a healthy diet according to Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy?

  • Good vs. Bad Fats: Categorizes fats into healthy unsaturated fats and harmful trans fats, encouraging consumption of unsaturated fats for better heart health.
  • Importance of Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Highlights benefits of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish and certain plant sources, essential for brain health and reducing inflammation.
  • Challenging the Low-Fat Myth: Critiques the belief that all fats are bad, promoting a balanced approach to fat consumption.

How does Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy suggest managing weight?

  • Focus on Quality of Diet: Emphasizes that the quality of food is as important as quantity, with a diet rich in whole foods aiding weight management.
  • Mindful Eating Practices: Encourages mindful eating, paying attention to hunger cues and portion sizes to prevent overeating.
  • Regular Physical Activity: Stresses the importance of regular exercise for weight management and overall health.

What dietary patterns does Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy recommend?

  • Mediterranean Diet Influence: Promotes a Mediterranean-style diet rich in plant-based foods, healthy fats, and lean proteins.
  • Healthy Eating Pyramid: Introduces the Harvard Healthy Eating Pyramid as a visual guide for healthier food choices.
  • Focus on Whole Foods: Emphasizes whole, minimally processed foods that are nutrient-dense to support long-term health.

How does Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy address the impact of beverages on health?

  • Avoid Sugary Drinks: Advises against sugary beverages, which contribute to weight gain and chronic diseases, promoting water, coffee, and tea instead.
  • Alcohol in Moderation: Discusses potential benefits and risks of alcohol, recommending moderation if consumed.
  • Hydration and Health: Highlights the importance of staying hydrated with beverages that support overall health.

What does Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy say about the environmental impact of diet?

  • Diet and Climate Change: Discusses how dietary choices, particularly red meat and dairy consumption, contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Sustainable Eating Practices: Encourages adopting sustainable eating practices, such as eating less meat and choosing locally sourced foods.
  • Healthier Planet, Healthier You: Posits that a plant-based diet benefits both individual health and the planet.

How does Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy suggest improving cooking habits?

  • Cooking at Home: Encourages preparing meals at home to control ingredients and portion sizes, fostering healthier choices.
  • Using Fresh Ingredients: Emphasizes using fresh, seasonal ingredients to enhance flavor and nutrition.
  • Experimenting with Flavors: Suggests using herbs, spices, and healthy fats to boost flavor without unhealthy additives.

评论

4.10 满分 5
平均评分来自 2k+ 来自Goodreads和亚马逊的评分.

《吃、喝、健康》因其基于科学的营养方法而备受赞誉。读者们欣赏书中对各种食物类别、维生素和饮食习惯的全面且公正的信息。书中强调适度和可持续的饮食习惯,这与许多人产生共鸣。批评者指出其中一些信息过时且有重复。书中包含的食谱普遍受到好评。许多读者认为这是理解饮食与健康关系的重要资源,尽管有些人觉得科学语言有些难懂。

Your rating:

关于作者

沃尔特·威利特医学博士是著名的营养流行病学家,现任哈佛医学院和哈佛T.H.陈公共卫生学院教授。沃尔特·威利特医学博士因其基于证据的营养研究方法和公共卫生建议而广受尊敬。他的工作对饮食指南和公共卫生政策产生了重大影响。威利特以提出血糖负荷概念和领导大规模纵向健康研究而闻名。他的研究重点是饮食与癌症、心脏病等慢性疾病之间的关系。威利特在营养流行病学方面的专业知识使他成为营养和公共卫生领域的领军人物。

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