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The Courage to Be Disliked

The Courage to Be Disliked

How to Free Yourself, Change your Life and Achieve Real Happiness
作者 Ichiro Kishimi 2013 288 页数
3.96
100k+ 评分
8 分钟

重点摘要

1. 所有问题都是人际关系问题

“所有问题都是人际关系问题。”

不幸福的根源。 阿德勒心理学认为,我们生活中的挣扎源于与他人的互动。这种观点将焦点从内部冲突转移到我们的人际关系动态上。它表明,通过改善我们与他人的关系,我们可以解决许多个人问题。

人际问题的例子:

  • 工作场所冲突
  • 家庭争执
  • 社交焦虑
  • 自卑感

解决问题的方法。 与其纠结于过去的创伤或寻找深层次的心理问题,阿德勒心理学鼓励个人专注于改善当前的人际关系和社交互动。这种方法使人们能够采取积极步骤来解决问题,而不是被困在困境中。

2. 被讨厌的勇气是自由的关键

“自由就是被别人讨厌。”

从他人意见中解放。 真正的自由来自于按照自己的信念和价值观行事,即使这意味着面对他人的不赞成。这种勇气使个人能够摆脱社会期望的束缚,真实地生活。

接受不赞成的好处:

  • 增强自信
  • 更大的个人成长
  • 更真实的关系
  • 减少对他人意见的焦虑

实际应用。 培养这种勇气需要逐步走出舒适区,基于个人信念而不是对评判的恐惧做出决定。要认识到被所有人喜欢是不可能的,试图取悦所有人会导致自我迷失。

3. 分离任务以简化生活和关系

“你只需要思考,我应该做什么?”

通过分离获得清晰。 任务分离的概念涉及明确区分什么是你的责任,什么是他人的责任。这种区分有助于减少关系中的不必要压力和冲突。

任务分离的关键领域:

  • 个人目标和愿望
  • 他人的意见和判断
  • 职业责任
  • 家庭动态

通过界限获得力量。 只专注于自己的任务,你可以避免试图控制他人或承担他们的责任。这种方法导致更平衡和健康的关系,以及更清晰的个人方向和目标。

4. 社区感是幸福的关键

“只有当一个人能够感受到自己的价值时,他才能拥有勇气。”

连接和归属感。 阿德勒认为,真正的幸福来自于感受到与社区的连接和被重视。这种归属感为自我价值和面对生活挑战的勇气提供了基础。

社区感的组成部分:

  • 归属感
  • 对他人的贡献
  • 相互尊重与合作
  • 共同的目标和价值观

培养社区感。 要发展这种重要的连接感,必须积极与他人互动,为共同目标做出贡献,并将他人视为伙伴而非竞争对手。这种视角的转变可以显著改善一个人的整体幸福感和生活满意度。

5. 通过贡献他人找到自我价值

“当一个人能够感受到‘我对社区有益’时,他才能真正感受到自己的价值。”

通过服务获得价值。 阿德勒心理学认为,我们的自我价值感直接与我们对他人的贡献相关。通过专注于我们如何为社区做出贡献,我们自然会培养积极的自我形象。

贡献的方式:

  • 志愿服务
  • 支持朋友和家人
  • 在工作中表现出色
  • 分享知识和技能

超越可见的贡献。 重要的是,贡献的感觉比实际结果更重要。即使是小的、看似微不足道的行为,如果是为了他人的利益而做,也能提供目的感和价值感。

6. 接受自己并信任他人

“如果你害怕信任他人,长远来看你将无法与任何人建立深厚的关系。”

自我接受作为基础。 接受自己,包括缺点,是建立健康人际关系的第一步。这种自我接受允许真实的互动,而不需要不断的验证或害怕评判。

建立对他人的信任:

  • 假设善意
  • 练习脆弱
  • 专注于优点而非缺点
  • 在信任被证明之前给予信任

加深连接。 通过信任他人,我们创造了一个相互信任和尊重的环境。这种方法促进了更深层次、更有意义的关系,并有助于打破阻碍人际连接的恐惧和不信任。

7. 活在当下,而不是为了遥远的目标

“把生活想象成一系列的点。[…] 生活是一系列的瞬间。”

线性生活的错觉。 阿德勒挑战了将生活视为通向遥远目标的连续线的常见观点。相反,他建议将生活视为一系列有价值的当下时刻。

专注于当下的好处:

  • 减少对未来的焦虑
  • 更加欣赏日常体验
  • 增强适应变化的能力
  • 提高当前活动的参与度

平衡目标和当下。 虽然有长期目标可以提供方向,但重要的是在过程中找到满足感,而不是将幸福推迟到目标实现时。这种方法允许更令人满意和灵活的生活旅程。

8. 幸福是一种选择,而不是一种状态

“今天听我讲话的人现在就可以幸福,这一刻。”

幸福的即时可得性。 阿德勒心理学认为,幸福不是一个遥远的状态,而是每时每刻都可以选择的。这种观点使个人能够掌控自己的情绪健康。

选择幸福的步骤:

  • 练习感恩
  • 专注于个人成长
  • 参与有意义的活动
  • 培养积极的关系

克服障碍。 认识到幸福是一种选择并不意味着忽视生活的挑战。相反,它涉及培养在困难情况下找到快乐和意义的韧性,将焦点从外部条件转移到内部态度。

9. 追求成为普通人的勇气,而不是特别的人

“为什么必须特别?”

特殊主义的陷阱。 想要特别的愿望往往源于无法接受自己是普通人的事实。这种追求可能导致不健康的行为和持续的不满。

接受平凡的好处:

  • 减少社交焦虑
  • 增强自我接受
  • 改善人际关系
  • 增加对日常生活的满足感

重新定义成功。 成为“普通人”并不意味着平庸或放弃个人成长。相反,它涉及在真实的自我和日常体验中找到价值和满足,而不是不断追求非凡的成就或认可。

10. 以目的论而非因果论重新框架过去的经历

“我们不是由我们的经历决定的,而是我们赋予它们的意义决定了我们自己。”

专注于目的,而不是原因。 阿德勒心理学鼓励从当前目的(目的论)而不是历史原因(因果论)的角度看待过去的经历。这种转变使个人能够掌控自己的叙述和未来行动。

目的论思维的优势:

  • 改变的力量
  • 减少受害者心态
  • 增加个人责任感
  • 更加专注于解决方案

实际应用。 面对挑战时,与其问“为什么这件事发生在我身上?”(因果论),不如问“我如何利用这段经历前进?”(目的论)。这种方法将过去的困难从负担转变为成长和积极变化的工具。

最后更新日期:

FAQ

What's "The Courage to Be Disliked" about?

  • Overview of the book: "The Courage to Be Disliked" is a philosophical dialogue between a philosopher and a young man, exploring the ideas of Alfred Adler, a lesser-known psychologist compared to Freud and Jung.
  • Main themes: The book delves into Adler's theories on how individuals can achieve happiness and change their lives by focusing on the present and discarding the need for recognition from others.
  • Structure: The narrative unfolds over five nights of conversation, where the philosopher challenges the youth's preconceived notions about life, happiness, and interpersonal relationships.
  • Philosophical approach: It emphasizes the importance of living in the moment, self-acceptance, and the courage to be disliked as pathways to true freedom and happiness.

Why should I read "The Courage to Be Disliked"?

  • Unique perspective: The book offers a fresh take on psychology and self-help by introducing Adlerian psychology, which is less known but highly impactful.
  • Practical advice: It provides actionable insights on how to live a happier, more fulfilled life by changing one's mindset and approach to interpersonal relationships.
  • Philosophical depth: The dialogue format encourages readers to engage deeply with the material, prompting self-reflection and personal growth.
  • Empowerment: It empowers readers to take control of their lives by focusing on what they can change and letting go of the need for external validation.

What are the key takeaways of "The Courage to Be Disliked"?

  • Denying trauma: The book argues that trauma does not dictate one's present or future, and individuals have the power to change their lives regardless of past experiences.
  • Interpersonal relationships: All problems are seen as interpersonal relationship problems, and resolving these is key to achieving happiness.
  • Separation of tasks: It introduces the concept of separating one's tasks from others', emphasizing personal responsibility and boundaries.
  • Community feeling: True happiness comes from feeling useful to others and having a sense of belonging, which is achieved through self-acceptance and contribution to others.

How does "The Courage to Be Disliked" define happiness?

  • Feeling of contribution: Happiness is defined as the feeling of being useful to others, which provides a sense of worth and belonging.
  • Self-acceptance: Accepting oneself as is, without the need for external validation, is crucial for happiness.
  • Living in the present: The book emphasizes living earnestly in the here and now, rather than being preoccupied with the past or future.
  • Freedom from recognition: True happiness involves the courage to be disliked and not living according to others' expectations.

What is the "separation of tasks" in "The Courage to Be Disliked"?

  • Concept explanation: The separation of tasks involves distinguishing between what is one's responsibility and what belongs to others, avoiding unnecessary intervention.
  • Application in life: By focusing on one's own tasks and not intruding on others', individuals can reduce interpersonal conflicts and live more freely.
  • Boundaries: It helps establish clear boundaries in relationships, promoting healthier interactions and personal autonomy.
  • Empowerment: This concept empowers individuals to take control of their lives by focusing on what they can change and letting go of what they cannot.

How does "The Courage to Be Disliked" address the desire for recognition?

  • Denial of necessity: The book argues that seeking recognition from others is unnecessary and can lead to living a life dictated by others' expectations.
  • Self-worth: True self-worth comes from within, through self-acceptance and the feeling of contribution, rather than external validation.
  • Freedom: Letting go of the desire for recognition is essential for achieving personal freedom and living authentically.
  • Interpersonal relationships: By not seeking recognition, individuals can build more genuine and equal relationships with others.

What is "community feeling" in "The Courage to Be Disliked"?

  • Definition: Community feeling is the sense of belonging and being useful to others, which is central to achieving happiness.
  • Interpersonal connections: It involves seeing others as comrades and contributing to the community, fostering a sense of unity and purpose.
  • Beyond visible contributions: The book emphasizes that contributions do not need to be visible; the subjective feeling of being useful is what matters.
  • Guiding principle: Community feeling serves as a guiding star for living a meaningful and fulfilling life.

How does "The Courage to Be Disliked" redefine freedom?

  • Freedom as being disliked: The book posits that true freedom involves the courage to be disliked by others, as it means living according to one's own principles.
  • Letting go of expectations: Freedom is achieved by not living to satisfy others' expectations and focusing on one's own tasks.
  • Interpersonal autonomy: It encourages individuals to establish boundaries and take responsibility for their own lives, free from external pressures.
  • Living authentically: By embracing the possibility of being disliked, individuals can live more authentically and pursue their true desires.

What role does "self-acceptance" play in "The Courage to Be Disliked"?

  • Acceptance over affirmation: The book emphasizes self-acceptance rather than self-affirmation, focusing on accepting oneself as is.
  • Realistic self-view: It encourages individuals to recognize their limitations and focus on what they can change, rather than dwelling on what they cannot.
  • Foundation for happiness: Self-acceptance is a crucial step towards achieving happiness and building healthy relationships with others.
  • Courage to change: By accepting oneself, individuals gain the courage to make necessary changes and pursue personal growth.

How does "The Courage to Be Disliked" view life and its meaning?

  • Life as moments: The book suggests viewing life as a series of moments, rather than a linear path with a set destination.
  • Living in the present: It encourages living earnestly in the here and now, without being burdened by the past or future.
  • Assigning meaning: Life has no inherent meaning; individuals must assign their own meaning through their actions and contributions.
  • Energeial life: The focus is on the process of living, rather than achieving specific goals, akin to dancing through life.

What are the best quotes from "The Courage to Be Disliked" and what do they mean?

  • "The courage to be happy also includes the courage to be disliked." This quote emphasizes that true happiness involves living authentically, even if it means being disliked by others.
  • "Life in general has no meaning. Whatever meaning life has must be assigned to it by the individual." It highlights the idea that individuals are responsible for creating their own meaning in life.
  • "Freedom is being disliked by other people." This quote suggests that personal freedom comes from not being bound by others' expectations or opinions.
  • "Happiness is the feeling of contribution." It defines happiness as the sense of being useful to others, which provides a sense of worth and belonging.

How can I apply the teachings of "The Courage to Be Disliked" in my life?

  • Focus on the present: Practice living in the moment and letting go of past regrets and future anxieties.
  • Separate tasks: Identify what is your responsibility and what belongs to others, and avoid unnecessary intervention.
  • Build community feeling: Cultivate a sense of belonging by contributing to others and seeing them as comrades.
  • Embrace self-acceptance: Accept yourself as you are, and focus on what you can change to improve your life.

评论

3.96 满分 5
平均评分来自 100k+ 来自Goodreads和亚马逊的评分.

《被讨厌的勇气》评价不一,有人称赞其改变生活的见解,也有人批评其争议性的观点。支持者认为书中的阿德勒心理学概念令人耳目一新,欣赏其对自我责任和人际关系的关注。批评者则认为它过于简化复杂问题,可能传播有害的创伤和心理健康观念。对话形式也存在分歧,有人觉得引人入胜,有人则感到沮丧。总体而言,读者一致认为这本书提出了发人深省的观点,即使他们不完全接受其所有前提。

Your rating:

关于作者

岸见一郎是一位1956年出生的日本哲学家和阿德勒心理学家。他拥有京都大学的哲学硕士学位,并担任日本阿德勒心理学会的理事。岸见在咨询和教育领域有着丰富的经验,曾在京都的前田诊所工作,并在多所机构任教,包括京都教育大学和奈良女子大学。目前,他在京都龟冈经营一家私人咨询办公室,专注于阿德勒心理学和儿童教育的讲座。他在哲学、心理学和语言翻译方面的专业知识为他在该领域的影响力做出了贡献。

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