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The Verbally Abusive Relationship

The Verbally Abusive Relationship

How to Recognize It and How to Respond
作者 Patricia Evans 2010 240 页数
4.25
4k+ 评分
8 分钟

重点摘要

1. 言语虐待是一种微妙而隐蔽的心理暴力

言语虐待是伤害性的,尤其当它被否认时更是如此。

定义言语虐待。 言语虐待包括一系列攻击或伤害他人心理的行为。它可以是明显的,如辱骂或愤怒的爆发,也可以是隐蔽的,如微妙的贬低或煤气灯效应。施虐者可能使用各种策略,包括:

  • 拒绝沟通或表达感情
  • 反驳或否定受害者的感知
  • 轻视受害者的感受或成就
  • 威胁或恐吓行为
  • 指责和控诉

对受害者的影响。 言语虐待的影响可能是毁灭性的且持久的。受害者常常经历:

  • 自尊和自信心下降
  • 困惑和自我怀疑
  • 焦虑和抑郁
  • 头痛或消化问题等身体症状
  • 与朋友和家人隔离

2. 识别言语虐待对于摆脱其破坏性影响至关重要

不知道是坏事,不想知道是更坏的事。

识别模式。 言语虐待通常遵循特定的模式,一旦你知道要寻找什么,就可以识别出一些常见的迹象,包括:

  • 意外的愤怒爆发或批评
  • 一贯的推卸责任和否认责任
  • 以玩笑为掩饰的频繁贬低
  • 试图控制或操纵行为

克服识别障碍。 许多因素可能使识别言语虐待变得困难,包括:

  • 文化习俗将虐待行为正常化
  • 施虐者的否认和操纵策略
  • 受害者希望情况会好转
  • 缺乏可见的身体证据

通过意识获得力量。 识别言语虐待是摆脱其破坏性影响的第一步。通过理解虐待不是他们的错,受害者可以开始重拾自我,并采取措施保护自己。

3. 言语虐待源于对权力和控制的需求,而非爱或关心

本书的基本前提是,言语虐待是一个控制问题,是一种对他人保持权力的手段。

理解施虐者的心态。 言语虐待者通常出于不安全感和恐惧。他们试图通过以下方式支配和控制他们的伴侣:

  • 保持优越感
  • 避免脆弱感
  • 弥补深层次的不自信

虐待的循环。 言语虐待通常遵循一个循环模式:

  1. 紧张积累
  2. 虐待事件
  3. 和解或“蜜月”阶段
  4. 再次开始循环前的平静

识别操纵策略。 施虐者可能使用各种策略来保持控制,例如:

  • 煤气灯效应(让受害者怀疑自己的感知)
  • 爱情轰炸(在虐待后对受害者表现出极大的爱意)
  • 隔离(限制受害者与朋友和家人的联系)
  • 财务控制

4. 言语虐待的受害者常常挣扎于自我怀疑和困惑

如果你带出你内在的东西,它会拯救你。如果你不带出你内在的东西,它会毁灭你。

慢性虐待的影响。 长期暴露于言语虐待可能导致:

  • 慢性自我怀疑和反复猜测
  • 难以信任自己的感知
  • 觉得自己对施虐者的行为负责
  • 失去身份和自我感

摆脱认知扭曲。 言语虐待常常在受害者的心中产生扭曲的信念。常见的扭曲包括:

  • “我应得这种待遇”
  • “如果我再努力一点,情况会好转”
  • “我的伴侣并不是故意伤害我”
  • “这在关系中是正常的”

重拾个人力量。 从言语虐待中恢复包括:

  • 确认自己的经历和感受
  • 挑战内化的负面信念
  • 重建自尊和自信
  • 寻求可信赖的朋友、家人或专业人士的支持

5. 从言语虐待中恢复需要承认问题并设定界限

设定界限是一种要求改变的方式。

承认虐待。 恢复的第一步是认识并命名虐待。这包括:

  • 自我教育关于言语虐待的知识
  • 识别关系中的具体虐待行为
  • 接受虐待不是受害者的错

设定和执行界限。 建立明确的界限对于保护自己免受进一步的虐待至关重要。这包括:

  • 清楚地传达哪些行为是不可接受的
  • 一贯地执行对违反界限的后果
  • 准备好执行所设定的限制

制定安全计划。 对于处于潜在危险情况的人,制定安全计划是必不可少的。这可能包括:

  • 确定紧急情况下可以去的安全地点
  • 保持重要文件和应急资金的可及性
  • 拥有一个可信赖的支持网络以便在需要时寻求帮助

6. 治疗可能有帮助,但选择合适的治疗师至关重要

我相信你是自己经历的专家。

专业知识的重要性。 并非所有治疗师都能处理言语虐待的案例。找到一个治疗师至关重要,他/她:

  • 理解言语虐待的动态
  • 认识到关系中的权力不平衡
  • 避免责备受害者或为虐待行为找借口

夫妻治疗的潜在陷阱。 传统的夫妻治疗可能不适用于言语虐待的关系,因为:

  • 它可能强化双方对虐待行为同等负责的观念
  • 施虐者可能操纵治疗过程以达到自己的目的
  • 受害者在施虐者面前可能不敢坦诚表达

有效的治疗方法。 一些对言语虐待受害者有帮助的治疗方法包括:

  • 叙事疗法
  • 创伤知情疗法
  • 认知行为疗法(CBT)
  • 以赋权为中心的咨询

7. 言语虐待根植于父权制信仰和文化习俗

我们仍然生活在一个将女性视为男性附属的父权制文化中。

理解文化影响。 言语虐待往往源于深植于社会的关于权力、性别角色和关系的信仰。这些信仰可以:

  • 将控制行为在关系中正常化
  • 强化男性优越和女性从属的观念
  • 使虐待在几代人之间延续

挑战有害信仰。 在社会层面上解决言语虐待需要:

  • 教育人们关于健康关系和沟通的知识
  • 促进伴侣之间的平等和相互尊重
  • 挑战传统的性别角色和期望

个人责任的角色。 虽然文化因素助长了虐待,但重要的是要认识到:

  • 施虐者有意识地选择从事虐待行为
  • 文化习俗不能为虐待行为开脱或辩护
  • 当个人对自己的行为负责时,改变是可能的

8. 打破虐待循环需要双方认识并解决问题

除非他愿意自省,否则他不会察觉自己的缺失。

施虐者在改变中的角色。 为了实现有意义的改变,施虐者必须:

  • 承认自己的虐待行为,不找借口或推卸责任
  • 完全对自己的行为及其影响负责
  • 承诺学习新的、健康的沟通和相处方式
  • 寻求专业帮助以解决潜在问题并学习新技能

受害者的康复之路。 对于经历过虐待的人,康复包括:

  • 优先考虑自己的安全和福祉
  • 学会重新信任自己的感知和感受
  • 在关系中设定和保持健康的界限
  • 重建自尊和自我认同

创造新的关系动态。 如果双方都致力于改变,有可能建立一个基于以下原则的更健康的关系:

  • 相互尊重和平等
  • 开放和诚实的沟通
  • 共同决策和解决问题
  • 情感支持和对彼此经历的确认

最后更新日期:

Questions & Answers

What's The Verbally Abusive Relationship about?

  • Focus on verbal abuse: The book explores the dynamics of verbally abusive relationships, emphasizing that verbal abuse can be as damaging as physical abuse.
  • Two kinds of power: Patricia Evans contrasts "Power Over," which involves control and dominance, with "Personal Power," characterized by mutuality and co-creation.
  • Real-life experiences: The author uses interviews with women who have experienced verbal abuse to provide a comprehensive understanding of its emotional and psychological impacts.

Why should I read The Verbally Abusive Relationship?

  • Awareness and recognition: It helps readers identify subtle signs of verbal abuse, crucial for those suspecting they might be in such a relationship.
  • Empowerment through knowledge: By understanding verbal abuse dynamics, readers can gain confidence to set boundaries and seek help.
  • Support for victims: The book serves as a resource for those who have experienced verbal abuse, offering validation and guidance.

What are the key takeaways of The Verbally Abusive Relationship?

  • Understanding verbal abuse: The book defines verbal abuse and its forms, such as name-calling and manipulation, essential for recognizing abusive relationships.
  • Power dynamics: Evans highlights the difference between "Power Over" and "Personal Power," helping victims understand their situation.
  • Steps for recovery: The author outlines steps for victims, including seeking professional help and setting limits, empowering readers towards healing.

What are the best quotes from The Verbally Abusive Relationship and what do they mean?

  • "Sticks and stones...": This quote emphasizes the profound emotional impact of verbal abuse, highlighting its psychological harm.
  • "Verbal abuse is an issue of control": It encapsulates the book's central theme, indicating that verbal abuse often involves exerting power over another.
  • "If you have been verbally abused...": This reflects the confusion and self-doubt victims experience, reinforcing the need for validation and support.

How can I recognize verbal abuse in my relationship according to Patricia Evans?

  • Self-evaluation questionnaire: The book provides a checklist to help identify signs of verbal abuse, encouraging reflection on personal experiences.
  • Common indicators: Look for patterns like frequent confusion or hurt after interactions, or if your partner dismisses your feelings.
  • Understanding power dynamics: Recognize the difference between mutual communication and interactions involving control or manipulation.

What are the categories of verbal abuse outlined in The Verbally Abusive Relationship?

  • Withholding: Involves keeping thoughts and feelings to oneself, creating emotional distance and isolation.
  • Countering: Occurs when the abuser argues against the partner's thoughts, denying her reality and preventing meaningful communication.
  • Discounting: Involves invalidating the partner's feelings, leading her to doubt her perceptions, exemplified by statements like "You're too sensitive."

What specific methods does Patricia Evans suggest for responding to verbal abuse?

  • Set clear boundaries: Establish firm boundaries regarding unacceptable behaviors and communicate these limits clearly.
  • Use impactful responses: Employ direct and assertive responses to interrupt the cycle of abuse and assert your right to respect.
  • Seek support: Emphasize the importance of seeking support from friends, family, or professionals for validation and encouragement.

How does verbal abuse affect the partner's self-esteem according to Patricia Evans?

  • Gradual erosion of self-worth: Verbal abuse can significantly decline the partner's self-esteem over time, leading to self-doubt.
  • Confusion and self-doubt: Victims often struggle to understand their feelings, feeling responsible for the abuser's anger.
  • Need for validation: Recognizing the abuse is crucial for rebuilding self-esteem, encouraging partners to seek validation from trusted sources.

What role does denial play in verbally abusive relationships as discussed in The Verbally Abusive Relationship?

  • Defense mechanism: Denial serves as a defense mechanism for both the abuser and the victim, complicating recognition of the abuse.
  • Crazymaking behavior: Denial creates confusion and instability, leading victims to question their perceptions and feelings.
  • Breaking the cycle: Recognizing denial is crucial for breaking the cycle of abuse, requiring victims to confront reality and seek support.

How can I support someone who is in a verbally abusive relationship?

  • Listen and validate: Offer a non-judgmental space for sharing experiences, validating their feelings and experiences.
  • Encourage professional help: Suggest seeking counseling or support groups specializing in verbal abuse for guidance and tools for healing.
  • Be patient and understanding: Recognize the complexity of leaving an abusive relationship, offering ongoing support and understanding.

What should I do if I realize I am in a verbally abusive relationship?

  • Acknowledge the abuse: Recognize the signs and understand the dynamics of the relationship as a crucial step for healing.
  • Set boundaries: Establish clear boundaries regarding unacceptable behaviors and communicate these limits to your partner.
  • Seek support: Reach out to trusted friends, family, or professionals to build a support network for validation and encouragement.

What obstacles to recognizing verbal abuse does Patricia Evans discuss?

  • Cultural conditioning: Many partners believe their mate is rational, preventing recognition of the abuse.
  • Isolation and secrecy: Verbal abuse often occurs in private, leading to feelings of isolation and difficulty in seeking help.
  • Denial and confusion: The abuser's denial can create a cycle of confusion, hindering recognition of the abusive behavior.

评论

4.25 满分 5
平均评分来自 4k+ 来自Goodreads和亚马逊的评分.

《言语虐待关系》因其对言语虐待动态的深刻探讨而备受赞誉。读者们认为这本书令人耳目一新,赋予力量,并改变了他们的生活,帮助他们识别和应对各种关系中的虐待模式。许多人赞赏书中详细的例子和实用的建议,尽管有些人批评其性别偏见和重复性。这本书因其能够验证经历、提升自尊并促进更健康的互动而被广泛推荐。然而,一些读者认为它简化了施虐者的动机,并在处理复杂的关系问题时缺乏细腻。

Your rating:

关于作者

帕特里夏·埃文斯是一位著名的作家和语言虐待专家。她在这一领域撰写了五本畅销书,包括《语言虐待关系》和《控制型人》。埃文斯因其工作而获得广泛认可,曾在奥普拉和CNN等主要媒体上亮相。她还出现在《新闻周刊》和《奥普拉杂志》等知名刊物中。埃文斯是一位活跃的演讲者,在美国、加拿大以及国际上向各种观众发表演讲,包括在马德里的反对暴力侵害妇女委员会上。她目前居住在旧金山湾区。

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