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Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents

Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents

7 Ways to Stop the Worry Cycle and Raise Courageous and Independent Children
作者 R. Reid Wilson 2013 288 页数
4.09
1k+ 评分
9 分钟
Listen to Summary (9 分钟)

重点摘要

1. 预期担忧会出现:这是生活和成长的一部分

停止对每次新的担忧表现出惊讶,并帮助你的孩子也这样做。

正常化担忧。 焦虑是人类体验中常见且常常有用的一部分。它作为一种早期预警系统,帮助我们放慢脚步,思考问题,并为潜在的挑战做好准备。然而,当担忧变得过度并开始干扰日常生活时,问题就会出现。

在特定情况下预期担忧:

  • 尝试新活动时
  • 面对不确定时期时
  • 面对表现情境时
  • 想象“如果”情景时

通过预期担忧的出现,我们可以减少其带来的惊讶和压倒性。这种视角的转变使我们在焦虑的想法出现时能够更冷静和有效地应对。

2. 与担忧对话:外化并回应焦虑的想法

与其被焦虑产生的灾难性愿景所牵引,你的孩子可以学会远离它并重新掌控一些控制权。

外化焦虑。 教孩子们将担忧视为与自己分离的东西,而不是他们身份的一部分。这创造了心理距离,使他们能够更客观地评估焦虑的想法。

与担忧对话的方法:

  • 预期它:“我知道你会在这里出现,担忧。”
  • 照顾它:“没关系,担忧。我能应付。”
  • 命令它:“现在不行,担忧。我已经掌控了。”

通过这种方式与担忧互动,孩子们学会了他们在如何回应焦虑的想法上有选择权。他们可以承认担忧,但不必自动相信或服从它。

3. 愿意故意感到不确定和不舒服

为了成长,你的孩子必须预期会时不时地感到焦虑和担忧。

拥抱不适。 避免不确定性和不适会强化焦虑并限制成长。相反,鼓励孩子们愿意进入具有挑战性的情境,知道感到焦虑是过程的一部分。

勇气公式:
勇气 = 愿意感到不确定 + 愿意感到不舒服

通过将不适重新定义为成长的必要部分,孩子们可以建立韧性并扩大他们的舒适区。这种方法帮助他们发展面对新挑战和克服障碍的信心。

4. 使用呼吸技巧来平静身心

平静呼吸和平静计数可以通过两种方式提供帮助。首先,你有机会感到身体更放松。其次,通过遵循指示,你将注意力从不太有帮助的担忧或压力想法中转移开。

练习呼吸技巧。 简单的呼吸练习可以帮助重置身体的压力反应并创造一种平静感。这些技巧提供了在当下管理焦虑的实用工具。

两个关键的呼吸练习:

  1. 平静呼吸:一种30秒的技巧,包括深吸气、缓慢呼气,并在心中专注于一个平静的词或短语。
  2. 平静计数:一种90秒的练习,将深呼吸与从10到1的倒计时结合起来。

定期练习这些技巧可以帮助孩子(和成人)更好地控制他们对压力和焦虑的生理反应。

5. 专注于你想要的,而不是你害怕的

要战胜焦虑,我们必须勇敢行动——感到不确定和不舒服……并且仍然向前迈进。

确定有意义的目标。 帮助孩子们将注意力从避免恐惧转移到追求他们真正想要的东西。这种视角的改变可以提供强大的动力来面对挑战。

将“必须做”转变为“想要做”:

  • 确定期望的结果
  • 承认实现目标所需的不舒服步骤
  • 将这些步骤重新定义为实现目标的必要部分

通过将具有挑战性的任务与有意义的目标联系起来,孩子们可以找到勇气克服不适和焦虑。这种方法建立了韧性和自主感。

6. 回顾过去的成功以增强信心

过去的成功成为另一种内部鼓励的来源,帮助我们继续向未知领域前进。

对抗焦虑引起的健忘症。 担忧常常使人们忘记他们过去的成就和能力。积极回忆过去的成功可以对抗这种倾向并增强信心。

创建提醒桥梁:

  • 确定类似的过去经历
  • 回忆以前成功使用的技能和策略
  • 将这些经验教训应用于当前的挑战

通过有意识地将过去的成功与当前的挑战联系起来,孩子们可以利用他们现有的资源,以更大的信心应对新情境。

7. 采取行动克服焦虑

孩子们必须负责克服他们的犹豫,迎接未来的美好冒险。

制定具体计划。 帮助孩子们创建一个逐步的方法来面对他们的恐惧并实现他们的目标。这提供了一个清晰的进步路线图,并帮助将压倒性的任务分解为可管理的步骤。

行动计划的关键组成部分:

  • 明确定义的目标
  • 实现目标的具体步骤
  • 在每一步管理担忧的策略
  • 跟踪进展和庆祝成功的方法

采取行动,即使是小步骤,也能建立动力,并提供现实世界的证据,证明挑战是可以克服的。

8. 了解大脑在焦虑中的作用以及如何重新训练它

当你的孩子有意识地说(并相信),“我能应付……我愿意感到不确定和不舒服……我可以预期我的担忧会出现并学会如何应对……感到紧张是可以的,”杏仁核就会随着时间的推移学会不进入战斗或逃跑状态,也不会分泌过多的肾上腺素。

教育大脑功能。 了解大脑如何处理焦虑可以揭开这种体验的神秘面纱,并为改变提供基础。重点关注杏仁核(大脑的警报系统)和前额皮质(思考部分)的作用。

重新训练焦虑的大脑:

  • 认识到杏仁核在做它的工作,即使它反应过度
  • 使用前额皮质更准确地评估威胁
  • 练习面对恐惧,教杏仁核某些情境是安全的

通过将焦虑管理框架化为重新训练大脑的过程,孩子们可以以好奇心和赋权感来应对这一任务。

9. 促进焦虑儿童的独立性和解决问题的能力

作为父母,我们的工作是创造一种鼓励孩子做决定、发展自己的观点和看法,并变得自立的氛围。

培养自主性。 过度保护焦虑的孩子会强化他们的恐惧,并阻止他们发展关键的应对技能。相反,创造机会让孩子们独立做决定和解决问题。

促进独立性的策略:

  • 征求孩子对各种问题的意见
  • 鼓励尊重的分歧和辩论
  • 支持合理的冒险
  • 允许自然后果(在安全范围内)

通过逐步增加孩子们的自主性,父母帮助他们建立应对挑战和驾驭世界的信心。

10. 战略性地使用奖励来激励进步

奖励是生活的一部分。我们给孩子零花钱,邻居付钱让他们割草或照看孩子。我们拿到工资,用“现金返还”的承诺买车!

实施周到的奖励系统。 虽然内在动机是理想的,但外在奖励可以帮助启动进步并保持动力,特别是在应对焦虑感到压倒性时。

有效奖励的指南:

  • 保持奖励小而频繁,特别是对于年幼的孩子
  • 奖励努力和练习,而不仅仅是结果
  • 避免惩罚或剥夺已获得的奖励
  • 明确说明什么行为可以获得奖励
  • 每几周调整一次系统以保持兴趣

一个设计良好的奖励系统可以提供额外的动力,并帮助孩子们看到他们在管理焦虑方面的实际进展。

11. 父母:示范对不确定性和不适的健康反应

当你开始一个需要新技能的项目或在他人面前表演时,你如何管理自己的感受?当事情不确定时,你如何处理出现的担忧想法?

以身作则。 孩子们通过观察父母如何应对挑战和不确定性学到了很多。通过示范对焦虑的健康反应,父母可以在不说一句话的情况下教会强有力的课程。

示范勇气的方法:

  • 公开谈论你自己对不确定性的经历
  • 面对挑战时展示解决问题的能力
  • 表明错误是正常的,并且可以成为学习的机会
  • 表达对尝试新事物的兴奋,即使它们有点吓人

通过一致地示范勇敢应对生活挑战的方法,父母可以创造一个重视成长、韧性和直面恐惧的家庭文化。

最后更新日期:

FAQ

What's "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents" about?

  • Overview: "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents" by R. Reid Wilson and Lynn Lyons is a guide for parents to help their children overcome anxiety. It provides strategies to break the cycle of worry and foster independence and courage in children.
  • Focus: The book emphasizes understanding anxiety's role in children's lives and offers practical tools for parents to support their children in managing anxiety.
  • Structure: It is structured around seven puzzle pieces or strategies that parents can use to help their children face and overcome anxiety.
  • Audience: The book is aimed at parents, educators, and mental health professionals who work with anxious children.

Why should I read "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents"?

  • Practical Strategies: The book offers actionable strategies that parents can implement immediately to help their children manage anxiety.
  • Expert Insights: Written by experts in the field, it combines clinical experience with research-backed methods.
  • Family Focus: It addresses not just the child's anxiety but also how family dynamics and parental behavior can influence it.
  • Empowerment: The book empowers parents to become effective coaches for their children, promoting resilience and independence.

What are the key takeaways of "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents"?

  • Expect Worry: Understand that worry is a normal part of life and learn to expect it rather than be surprised by it.
  • Talk to Worry: Teach children to externalize their anxiety and talk back to it, reducing its power.
  • Embrace Discomfort: Encourage children to be willing to feel unsure and uncomfortable as a part of growth.
  • Action-Oriented: Emphasize the importance of taking action despite anxiety, using structured plans and goals.

How does "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents" suggest handling anxiety in children?

  • Normalize Anxiety: Teach children that anxiety is a normal response and not something to be feared or avoided.
  • Puzzle Pieces: Use the seven puzzle pieces as a framework to address anxiety, including expecting worry, talking to it, and taking action.
  • Role Modeling: Parents should model healthy responses to anxiety, showing children how to manage their own worries.
  • Incremental Steps: Encourage children to take small, manageable steps toward facing their fears, gradually building confidence.

What are the seven puzzle pieces in "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents"?

  • Expect to Worry: Anticipate anxiety as a normal part of life and prepare for it.
  • Talk to Worry: Externalize anxiety and engage with it constructively.
  • Be Unsure and Uncomfortable: Accept uncertainty and discomfort as part of growth.
  • Breathe!: Use breathing techniques to manage physical symptoms of anxiety.
  • Know What You Want: Set clear goals to motivate action despite anxiety.
  • Bridge Back to Successes: Recall past successes to build confidence in facing new challenges.
  • Take Action on Your Plan: Implement a structured plan to confront and manage anxiety.

How do the authors of "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents" define anxiety?

  • Protective Mechanism: Anxiety is described as a natural, protective mechanism that alerts us to potential danger.
  • Predictable Pattern: It follows a predictable pattern, often triggered by new or uncertain situations.
  • Learned Behavior: Anxiety can be learned from parents and family dynamics, not just inherited genetically.
  • Manageable: With the right strategies, anxiety can be managed and does not have to dominate a child's life.

What role do parents play in managing their child's anxiety according to "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents"?

  • Modeling Behavior: Parents should model calm and constructive responses to anxiety, showing children how to handle their own worries.
  • Coaching Role: Act as a coach rather than a fixer, guiding children to develop their own coping strategies.
  • Avoid Overprotection: Avoid overprotecting children, which can reinforce anxiety by preventing them from facing fears.
  • Encourage Independence: Support children in becoming independent problem-solvers, capable of managing their own anxiety.

What are some practical exercises from "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents"?

  • Breathing Techniques: Practice Calming Breath and Calming Counts to manage physical symptoms of anxiety.
  • Role-Playing: Use role-playing to practice talking back to worry and handling anxiety-provoking situations.
  • Goal Setting: Help children set and work towards specific goals, using the puzzle pieces as a guide.
  • Reminder Bridges: Create reminder bridges to connect past successes with current challenges, reinforcing confidence.

What are the best quotes from "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents" and what do they mean?

  • "Worry is exhausting for everybody." This highlights the draining nature of anxiety on both children and parents, emphasizing the need for effective management strategies.
  • "Our goal is not to prevent worries; it is to keep anxious fears from dominating our families." This underscores the book's focus on managing anxiety rather than eliminating it, promoting resilience.
  • "The trick is recognizing how worry works and having a different response to it." This encapsulates the book's approach of understanding anxiety's patterns and responding with constructive strategies.
  • "Courage in our line of work is when the goal is important enough that you willingly move forward even when you’re not sure how it’s going to turn out." This defines courage as taking action despite uncertainty, a key theme in the book.

How does "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents" address the role of genetics in anxiety?

  • No Single Gene: The book explains that there is no single "anxiety gene," but genetics can predispose children to be more sensitive to stress.
  • Temperament Influence: Children with a high-reactive temperament are more likely to develop anxiety, but this is not destiny.
  • Parental Impact: Parenting styles can significantly influence whether a child's genetic predisposition to anxiety is expressed.
  • Changeable Trait: Anxiety is a tendency, not a fixed trait, and can be managed with the right strategies and support.

What is the significance of "Casey’s Guide" in "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents"?

  • Child-Friendly Resource: "Casey’s Guide" is a companion e-book designed to engage children directly with the strategies discussed in the main book.
  • Storytelling Approach: It uses storytelling to illustrate how a fictional character, Casey, overcomes her anxiety, making the concepts relatable for kids.
  • Interactive Learning: The guide includes activities and questions to help children apply the strategies to their own lives.
  • Parental Support: It provides a common language for parents and children to discuss anxiety and work together on managing it.

How does "Anxious Kids, Anxious Parents" suggest using rewards in managing anxiety?

  • Motivation Tool: Rewards can be used to motivate children to engage with anxiety-provoking situations and practice new skills.
  • Short-Term Incentives: Offer small, frequent rewards to maintain motivation and reinforce positive behavior.
  • Activity-Based Rewards: Prefer activity-based rewards over material ones to encourage engagement and participation.
  • Avoid Punishment: Focus on positive reinforcement rather than punishment, which can increase anxiety and resistance.

评论

4.09 满分 5
平均评分来自 1k+ 来自Goodreads和亚马逊的评分.

《焦虑的孩子,焦虑的父母》因其在管理儿童焦虑方面的实用建议而备受赞誉。读者们赞赏书中对正常化担忧、教授解决问题的技能以及鼓励独立性的重视。许多人发现这本书对儿童和成人都很有帮助。书中的七步方法和改变父母对焦虑反应的重点被认为特别有效。一些读者指出书中内容可能有些重复或过于结构化,但大多数人认为这是一个对处理焦虑的家庭非常有价值的资源。

Your rating:

关于作者

里德·威尔逊是一位临床心理学家和焦虑症专家。他是备受推崇的关于管理儿童焦虑的书籍《焦虑的孩子,焦虑的父母》的合著者。威尔逊的方法侧重于为父母和孩子提供实用的策略来克服焦虑,强调面对恐惧和发展解决问题技能的重要性。他的工作基于认知行为疗法的原则,旨在帮助家庭打破焦虑的循环。威尔逊以其通俗易懂的写作风格和将复杂的心理学概念转化为可操作的建议的能力而闻名。

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